Читать книгу The Life of Ibn Ḥanbal - Ibn al-Jawzi - Страница 22

CHAPTER 8

HIS POWERS OF RETENTION AND THE NUMBER OF REPORTS HE KNEW BY HEART

[ʿAbd Allāh:] I heard Abū Zurʿah say that Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal knew a million Hadith reports. 8.1

“How would you know?” he was asked.

“He and I recited them to each other, and we went through the different topics.”⁴⁹

[Ṣāliḥ:] My father told me that a man once came to Ibn ʿUlayyah’s door with Hushaym’s Hadith books. 8.2

“He started reading the reports out to me, and I would say the chain of transmitters for each one. Al-Muʿayṭī also used to memorize Hadith, and when he arrived I asked him to take over, but he wouldn’t.”⁵⁰

My father said, “I even knew of reports [transmitted by Hushaym] that I had never heard directly from him.”

[Aḥmad:] I memorized everything I heard from Hushaym while he was still alive. 8.3

[Ibn Abī Ḥātim:] Saʿīd ibn ʿAmr al-Bardhaʿī once asked Abū Zurʿah who had memorized more, he or Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. 8.4

“Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, of course.”

“How do you know that?”

“When I looked at his papers,” said Abū Zurʿah, “I saw that at the front of each quire,⁵¹ he didn’t list the names of the transmitters he heard reports from. Instead, for every quire, he knew the names of the transmitters by heart. I could never do that.”

[Al-Tustarī:] Abū Zurʿah was asked which of the senior transmitters had the best memory. 8.5

“Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal,” he said. “The day he died, they made an estimate of the number of papers he left behind. It came to twelve and a half loads.⁵² Nowhere on any of the outside pages had he written ‘the Hadith of So-and-So,’ or ‘So-and-So reported to us’ on any of the inside pages. All of that he knew by heart.”

[Abū Zurʿah:] I went to see Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal and asked him to find Sufyān’s Hadith for me. He brought out quires all labeled Sufyān, just Sufyān, without marking a single report as “Transmitted by So-and-So.” I thought they must all have been transmitted by the same person. But when I picked some out for him to read back, he would say for each Hadith, “Wakīʿ,” or “Yaḥyā,” or whoever, “reported to us …” I was amazed. More than once I’ve tried to do something like that, but I’ve never been able to. 8.6

[Aḥmad:] I used to challenge Wakīʿ to recite al-Thawrī’s Hadith reports from memory. Whenever Wakiʿ finished the last prayer of the night, he would leave the mosque and head for home. I would challenge him and he would often reply by citing nine or ten reports, which I would then memorize. After he left, the Hadith scholars would ask me to dictate the reports to them, and I would. 8.7

[Ibn Saʿīd:] Whenever Wakīʿ would leave the Hadith-circle to pray the evening prayer, Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal would go with him and stand by the door while Wakīʿ kept quizzing him about reports. One night, Wakīʿ stopped in the doorway with his hands on the jamb and said, “I’m going to test you on the Hadith of Sufyān.” 8.8

“Go ahead,” said Ibn Ḥanbal.

“Have you memorized what Sufyān transmitted citing Salamah ibn Kuhayl … ?” asked Wakīʿ, reciting the Hadith.

“Yes,” said Aḥmad. “We heard Yaḥyā report,” giving the transmitter.

“What about Salamah on such-and-such?”

“We heard ʿAbd al-Raḥmān report,” said Aḥmad.

“What about Sufyān from Salamah on such and-such?”

“We heard that from you.”

And so they continued until they had covered all of the reports transmitted by Salamah. Then Aḥmad asked: “Do you know Salamah’s report about … ?” giving the Hadith.

“No,” said Wakīʿ.

Aḥmad then began asking about one report after another. Each time, Wakīʿ was stumped. Aḥmad went through the reports of the other major transmitters one by one. He was still standing there when the servant girl appeared and said, “The morning star”—or “Venus”—“is up!”

[Aḥmad:] Wakīʿ used to recite reports that all had the same chain of transmitters, as if he had memorized them all that way. At night I used to commit ten or fifteen of them to memory.⁵³ 8.9

[ʿAbd Allāh:] My father used to tell me, “Take any of the books of Wakīʿ’s collection and tell me what any report says and I’ll tell you the chain of transmitters. Or tell me the chain and I’ll tell you what the report says.”⁵⁴ 8.10