Читать книгу The Power of Plagues - Irwin W. Sherman - Страница 2
Table of Contents
Оглавление1 Cover
2 Preface to the Second Edition
3 1 The Nature of Plagues Living Off Others Plagues and Parasites Predicting Plagues A Measles Outbreak The Evolution of Plagues
4 2 Plagues, the Price of Being Sedentary Becoming Human, Becoming Parasitized The Road to Plagues: More Humans, More Disease The Effect of Agriculture The Lethal Gifts of Agriculture The Accident That Caused Societal Differences
5 3 Six Plagues of Antiquity The Pharaohs’ Plague The Plague of Athens The Roman Fever Plagues and the Rise of Christianity The Antonine Plague The Cyprian Plague The Justinian Plague
6 4 An Ancient Plague, the Black Death A Look Back Public Health Discrimination Church Medicine Education Economy and Social Order Finding the Killer Finding the Vector The Disease of Plague The Plague-Causing Bacterium, Yersinia pestis Plague Today Vaccines Coda
7 5 A 21st Century Plague, AIDS A Look Back HIV Discovered The Genes of HIV HIV Targets Immune Cells HIV and AIDS Failure To Control by Antibody or Vaccine AZT, the First Antiretroviral Drug Beyond AZT “Catching” HIV Control of AIDS HIV and the African Connection The Sooty Mangabey Connection: HIV-2 The Social Context of AIDS
8 6 Typhus, a Fever Plague A Look Back Typhus in People Finding the Killer A Lousy Business Discrimination and Dissemination Typhus and the “Immigrant Problem” Typhus Today Typhus Vaccine Coda
9 7 Malaria, Another Fever Plague A Look Back The Disease Malaria “Catching” Malaria Malaria Today Treatment Prevention of Malaria Genetic Resistance to Malaria: Sickle Cell Trait and Duffy Factor The Elusive Malaria Vaccine Coda
10 8 “King Cholera” A Look Back The Disease Cholera Pandemic Cholera Death by Dehydration ”Catching” Cholera Controlling Cholera Cholera, Sanitation, and Public Health John Snow, the Father of Epidemiology Cholera Today Cholera and Nursing Cholera and the “Immigrant Problem” Coda
11 9 Smallpox, the Spotted Plague A Look Back The Disease of Smallpox “Catching” Smallpox Variolation Vaccination Vaccination and Its Social Context Coda
12 10 Preventing Plagues: Immunization The Immune System Inflammation and innate immunity Acquired immunity Clonal selection theory Autoimmunity Diphtheria Emil Behring and serum therapy Paul Ehrlich Toxin, antitoxin, and toxoid Diphtheria today Diphtheria, whooping cough, and the DTaP vaccine Why Do Antibodies Work? Attenuation and Immunization Influenza Measles Mumps Rubella Whooping Cough Chickenpox Polio John Enders Jonas Salk Albert Sabin Aftermath Cell-Mediated Acquired Immunity Coda
13 11 The Plague Protectors: Antisepsis to Antibiotics Barbers, Bloodletting, and Antisepsis Surgery, Disease, and Anesthesia Laughing gas Ether Chloroform Disease, Dyes, and Drugs Prontosil Penicillin Aftermath Antimicrobial Resistance How AMR is acquired What can be done about AMR? Coda
14 12 The Great Pox Syphilis A Look Back Spirochete Discovered The Disease Syphilis “Catching” Syphilis Syphilis and Its Social Context Diagnosing Syphilis Treating Syphilis Syphilis and the Social Reformers Distribution and Incidence of Syphilis Vaccines against Syphilis Coda
15 13 The People’s Plague: Tuberculosis A Look Back The Germ of TB The Disease of TB Today’s Diagnosis of TB Heroin and TB Controlling Consumption Selman, Schatz, and Streptomycin Drug Resistance Drug Resistance Redux Vaccination against TB Incidence of TB Coda
16 14 Leprosy, the Striking Hand of God A Look Back The Disease of Leprosy Where Leprosy Is Leprosy Today “Catching” Leprosy Coda
17 15 Six Plagues of Africa Slavery and European Exploration Endemic Diseases of Africa Plagues Out of Africa
18 16 Emerging and Re-emerging Plagues Blame It on the Rodents On the Wings of Birds Anthrax Robert Koch Louis Pasteur Madness and the Infectious Protein Ebola Zika Disease Lyme Disease The Conquest of Plagues
20 Notes
21 Bibliography
22 Index
