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¹ A computer scientist will tell you that these structures are called relations, not tables, and they consist of tuples (rows) and vectors (columns). These terms were chosen to avoid the impression that the data is physically stored as rows and columns in a separate piece of the database. In most RDBMS implementations, all the records in all the tables are stored in one big file. From a database design perspective, it is much better to work with tables containing rows and columns than the more ephemeral concepts of tuples and vectors contained in a table space.

² Date, C.J. 1995. An introduction to database systems. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.

³ See, e.g., Zeiler, Michael. 1999. Modeling our world: The ESRI guide to geodatabase design, pages 81 and 98-99. Redlands, CA: ESRI Press.