Читать книгу Introduction to Flight Testing - James W. Gregory - Страница 30

A standardized model of the atmosphere allows scientists, engineers, and pilots in the flight testing community to have a commonly agreed‐upon definition of the properties of the atmosphere. The definition of the standard atmosphere includes the variation of gravitational acceleration, temperature, pressure, density, and viscosity as a function of altitude. There is actually more than one definition of the standard atmosphere: the U.S. Standard Atmosphere (NOAA et al. 1976) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Standard Atmosphere (ICAO 1993). Thankfully, the two definitions are identical at lower altitudes where aircraft fly – the only differences are in the upper stratosphere and beyond. Our discussion here will generally follow the development of the U.S. Standard Atmosphere (NOAA et al. 1976).¹