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The free gingival margin is the coronal edge of the marginal gingiva. Marginal gingiva is demarcated from the attached gingiva by the gingival groove, a slight depression on the gingiva corresponding to the normal sulcus depth (Figure 1.7a,b).

The healthy free gingival margin of premolars and molars lies 0.5–1 mm coronal to the cementoenamel junction, where root cementum meets the crown enamel.

Figure 1.7 (a) and (b) Gingival structures surrounding the left maxillary (a) and right mandibular (b) cheek teeth.

Figure 1.8 Compressed air from an air/water syringe exposing the normal 0.5 mm sulcus surrounding the left maxillary fourth premolar.