Читать книгу Bohemian Grammar - Jaroslav Victor Nigrin - Страница 15

We begin with the nouns of the first declension. They end in a consonant in the nominative singular. In the objective (accusative) case they add -a; in the objective plural they replace -a by -y.

Examples:

 bratr—brother, objective sing. bratra, object. plural bratry.

 syn—son; object. sing. syna, object. plural syny.

 pán—gentleman, object. sing. pána, object. plural pány.

 pták—bird, objective sing. ptáka, object. plural ptáky.

 sedlák—a farmer, object. sing. sedláka, object. plural sedláky.

 hoch—a boy, object. sing. hocha, object. plural hochy.

Article.—There is no article, definite or indefinite in Bohemian.

Use of the cases.—The subject of a sentence is in the nominative case (the case that names the person or thing). The object of the verb is in the objective case.

Pán volá hocha.—The gentleman calls the boy.

Who (kdo) calls? The gentleman calls.—Pán volá. The gentleman is the subject of the sentence and is in the nominative case. Whom (koho) does the gentleman call? The gentleman calls the boy.—Pán volá hocha. The boy is the object of the verb calls and is in the objective case.

Since Bohemian is a highly inflected language, it is of extreme importance to become acquainted early with the case forms and their meanings.