Читать книгу Blackwell's Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Reptile and Amphibian - Javier G. Nevarez - Страница 26

The liver is surrounded by a Glisson’s capsule and is a paler color in young and neonates. The right lobe is significantly larger in chelonians, which leads to the majority of urinary bladder stones being left sided, as the larger lobe pushes them to the left. The gallbladder is found within the right lobe. Biliverdin reductase is thought to be absent in most species, but may be present in crocodilians. Kupffer cells serve as sinusoidal macrophages. Melanomacrophages may be numerous in some species and function as macrophages and free radical scavengers. Their brown pigment (as seen with hematoxylin and eosin stain) consists of iron and melanin granules. These cells may increase in size and number during disease states. Ito cells for storage of vitamin A may also be numerous in some species.