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1.6 Power and Energy

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Energy is the ability to do work. Physics recognizes many types of energy – heat, light, gravitational, mechanical, and of course electrical.

Mechanical energy expended is the product of force and the distance moved. If a force qE is applied to move a charge q over a distance s between points A and B, the work done, WAB, is


Energy (work) expended, W, is also the product of power P and the time duration t that the power is applied.


The electrical power expended is the product of voltage V and current flowing I.


So, the electrical energy expended is


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