Читать книгу Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2020 - Joanne M. Flood - Страница 219

The auditor should obtain sufficient knowledge of the accounting information system to understand:

 The classes of transactions that are significant to the financial statements

 The procedures, both automated and manual, by which those transactions are initiated, recorded, processed, and reported from their occurrence to inclusion in the financial statements

 The related accounting records, whether electronic or manual, supporting information, and specific accounts involved in initiating, recording, processing, and reporting transactions

 How the information system captures other events and conditions that are significant to the financial statements

 The financial reporting process

 Controls surrounding journal entries, including nonstandard journal entries used to record nonrecurring, unusual transactions, or adjustments

(AU-C 315.19)

The auditor should understand the automated and manual procedures used to prepare financial statements and related disclosures, and how misstatements may occur. Such procedures include:

 The procedures used to enter transaction totals into the general ledger

NOTE: The auditor should be aware that when information technology (IT) is used to automatically transfer information from transaction processing systems to general ledger or financial reporting systems, there may be little or no visible evidence of intervention in the information systems (e.g., an individual may inappropriately override automated processes by changing the amounts being automatically passed to the general ledger or financial reporting system).

 The procedures used to initiate, record, and process standard (e.g., monthly sales and purchase transactions) and nonstandard (e.g., business combinations or disposals, or a nonrecurring accounting estimate) journal entries in the general ledger

NOTE: Auditors should be aware that:

 When IT is used to maintain the general ledger and prepare financial statements, such nonstandard entries may exist only in electronic form and may be more difficult to identify through physical inspection of printed documents.

 Financial statement misstatements are often perpetrated by using nonstandard entries to record fictitious transactions or other events and circumstances, particularly near the end of the reporting period.

 Other procedures used to record recurring and nonrecurring adjustments (e.g., consolidating adjustments and reclassifications that are not made by formal journal entries)

The auditor should also obtain sufficient knowledge of the means the entity uses to communicate financial reporting roles and responsibilities and significant matters about financial reporting. (AU-C 315.20)