Читать книгу The Atlas of Religion - Joanne O'Brien - Страница 26

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Hinduism is intricately woven into the land and culture of India, and Hindus refer to their religion as sanatana dharma, the eternal truth or ancient religion. Although 95 percent of the world’s Hindus still live in India, there was a significant wave of migration from the 1st to 7th centuries CE along trade routes into South-East Asia and Indonesia. The second major phase began when Indians migrated to other parts of the British Empire as indented labour or for trade. Many Hindu gurus travelled west from the late 19th century, and the spread of Hindu ideas has been considerable through Europe, North America and Australasia. In the USA, Swami Vivekananda spoke at the World’s Parliament of Religions in 1893 in Chicago, and in 1894 established the Vedanta Society of New York. The Vendanta Society is also credited with establishing the first Hindu temple in the USA – in San Francisco in 1906. Since the 1960s, a wave of movements inspired by Hindu philosophy and spirituality has emerged as westerners have been influenced by the teachings of visiting gurus, travels to India and translations of classics such as the Bhagavad Gita or the Upanishads. Movements such as the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) now have communities worldwide.

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