Читать книгу Understanding Anatomy and Physiology in Nursing - John Knight - Страница 85

The heart can be regarded as a simple muscular cone consisting of three distinct layers of tissue (Figure 3.2): the endocardium is the smooth inner layer of the heart that forms the lining of the chambers. The myocardium forms the thick, muscular, middle layer of the heart that makes up the vast bulk of the heart’s mass and is composed of specialised cardiac muscle fibres. The final outermost layer of the heart is called the epicardium; confusingly, this is the same layer of tissue that is also commonly referred to as the visceral pericardium. It is important that nurses are familiar with both terms as they are used interchangeably in clinical practice.

Figure 3.2 Layers of the pericardium and heart