Читать книгу Earth Materials - John O'Brien - Страница 119

Ideally, crystals are perfectly formed with no defects in their lattice structures (Figure 4.32a). However, nearly all crystals contain small‐scale impurities or imperfections that cause mineral composition and/or structure to vary from the ideal. These local‐scale inhomogeneities are called crystal defects. Crystal defects have some profound effects on the properties of crystalline material that belie their small scale (Box 4.1). A convenient way to classify crystal defects is in terms of their dimensions.