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Joseph A. Pika
American Democracy in Context
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American Democracy in Context
Страница 6
Brief Contents
Detailed Contents
Страница 9
A Note from the Authors
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
1 Democracy and American Politics
Perspective: What Difference Does Democracy Make?
Government and Politics
Democracy as a Form of Government
Direct Democracy
Indirect Democracy
The Challenges of Democracy
Ensuring Majority Rule
Protecting Minority Rights
Republics
Functions of Government
Maintaining Order and Safety
Providing Public Goods
Promoting the General Welfare
Providing Infrastructure
Regulating the Economy to Ensure That It Operates Fairly
Providing Support to People in Vulnerable Positions
Redistributing Income to Improve the Lives of Citizens With Less Wealth
Regulating Behavior
Controversies About Government Functions
American Values
Fairness Based on Contributions
Freedom and Individualism
Support for the Rule of Law
Religion
Variations and Conflicts in Values
American Ideologies
Conservatism
Liberalism
Other Ideologies
Comparative and Historical Contexts
Picture Yourself … As a German Citizen
Questions to Consider
Consequences for Democracy
Critical Thinking Questions
Key Terms
Descriptions of Images and Figures
2 The Founding and the Constitution
Perspective: What Compromises Are Necessary for Ratifying a National Constitution?
The American Colonies
Motivations for Coming to the Colonies
British Influences on American Political Thought
The Magna Carta
Civil War, the Glorious Revolution, and the English Bill of Rights
“No Taxation Without Representation”
The Sugar Act and Stamp Act
The British Response
The Boston Tea Party
The First Continental Congress
Revolution and Independence
The Second Continental Congress
The Declaration of Independence
The Articles of Confederation
The Structure and Power of Government Under the Articles of Confederation
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Shays’ Rebellion
Starting Over: The Constitutional Convention
The Delegates and Their Motives
Large States versus Small States: The Virginia and New Jersey Plans
The Three-Fifths Compromise and the Great Compromise
Creating the Executive and Judicial Branches
The Constitution
Core Principles
The Articles of the Constitution
Article I: The Legislative Branch
Article II: The Executive Branch
Article III: The Judicial Branch
Articles IV–VII
Ratifying the Constitution
Federalists versus Anti-Federalists
Another Compromise: A Post-Ratification Bill of Rights
Amending the Constitution
Picture Yourself … Amidst Constitutional Change in Hungary
Questions to Consider
The Formal Amendment Process
Informal Methods of Constitutional Change
Judicial Interpretation
Coordinate Construction
Consequences for Democracy
Critical Thinking Questions
Key Terms
Descriptions of Images and Figures
3 Federalism
Perspective: “Sanctuary Cities”: What Are They and Why Does the U.S. Have Them?
Understanding Federalism
The Federal System
Strengths and Weaknesses of a Federal System
The Constitutional Allocation of the Powers of Government
National Powers
State Powers
Concurrent Powers
Prohibited Powers
Relationships Among the States
Competing Interpretations of Federalism
Dual Federalism
Cooperative Federalism
Early Precedents: National Supremacy Prevails
McCulloch v. Maryland
(1819)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
The Resurgence of States’ Rights
Nullification, Secession, and the Civil War
The Rise and Fall of National Power in the Wake of the Civil War
The New Deal and the Rise of Cooperative Federalism
The Supreme Court Thwarts the New Deal
The Supreme Court Embraces Cooperative Federalism
Implementing Cooperative Federalism
Picture Yourself … Amidst California’s “Anti-Okie” Panic of the 1930s
Questions to Consider
The New Federalism and Beyond
The New Federalism
Federalism in the Twenty-First Century
Consequences for Democracy
Critical Thinking Questions
Key Terms
Descriptions of Images and Figures
4 Civil Liberties
Perspective: How Much Government Control of the Internet Is Too Much—Or Too Little?
The Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights and the States: The Original Understanding
The Incorporation of the Bill of Rights
The First Amendment Freedoms of Speech, Press, and Assembly
Freedom of the Press and Prior Restraint
What Did the Framers Mean by “Freedom of Speech”?
The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798
The Supreme Court Confronts Restrictions on Speech
Symbolic Speech
Obscenity
Libel and Slander
False Advertising
Campus Speech
Freedom of Assembly
The First Amendment Guarantee of Freedom of Religion
The Establishment Clause
The Free Exercise Clause
The Right of Privacy
The Natural Rights Tradition
Discovering the Right of Privacy
Abortion
Extending the Liberty of Same-Sex Couples
The Right to Die
The Rights of Criminal Defendants
Due Process Rights of the Accused
Picture Yourself … As a Prospective Juror in Japan
Questions to Consider
Judicial Expansion of the Rights of the Criminally Accused
The Death Penalty
Balancing National Security with Civil Liberties
Consequences for Democracy
Critical Thinking Questions
Key Terms
Descriptions of Images and Figures
5 Civil Rights
Perspective: The Confederate Monument Debate
Slavery in America
Slavery and the Constitution
Slavery and the Supreme Court
Civil Rights for African Americans After the Civil War
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