When, at the beginning of the last quarter of the eighteenth century, it became increasingly evident that the thirteen American Colonies would revolt from Great Britain and attempt to establish their independence, and when it became necessary for all men to take sides on the great question, a large number of Americans of wealth and abilities remained loyal to their King. The motives which actuated these men were, of course, various; some were honorable, others selfish. But to the ardent patriot, blinded by zeal for liberty, nothing could justify, or even palliate, such conduct. As a consequence, the Tories of the American Revolution suffered not less in reputation than in estate, and names which would otherwise be found on the roll of honor in the history of Colonial America. are now but synonyms of reproach. One of the most active and influential of these Tories, and, consequently, one of the most despised, was Joseph Galloway, a Pennsylvania lawyer, politician, and pungent pamphleteer; but hardly more effectually has the soil of an English graveyard buried from sight his mortal remains than has the mass of opprobrium heaped up by partisan hatred hidden the memory of his deeds in the land of his birth. This pamphlet, which is the most well-known of all his pamphlets, contains a very clear exposition of the nature and necessity of the supreme authority of Parliament over the Colonies. It criticizes the acts of the Congress, and makes it very evident that its author would not have anything further to do with such assemblages. An attack upon this pamphlet, entitled "An Address to the Author of the 'Candid Examination' was soon issued, for which Dickinson was in part responsible. This was in turn answered by Mr. Galloway in a 'Reply.'
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Joseph Galloway. The Claim of the American Loyalists
CONTENTS:
INTRODUCTION
CHAP. I.: The Case of the American Loyalists briefly stated
CHAP. II.: Of the Rights of the Loyalists to Protection and Indemnity under the fundamental Laws of civil Society, and particularly under those of the British Constitution
CHAP. III.: On the Usage of Nations, under the fundamental Laws of Civil Society
CHAP. IV.: Of the Sense and Declaration of his Majesty and Parliament, on the Right of the Loyalists to Compensation, when their Aid was thought necessary to suppress the Rebellion
CHAP. V.: Of the Usage and Precedents of Parliament, under the fundamental Laws of the British State
CHAP. VI.: Of the Sense and Declarations of the Members of both Houses of Parliament in their Debates on the Treaty of Peace, upon the Right of the Loyalists to Indemnity and Compensation
HOUSE OF COMMONS
HOUSE OF LORDS
CHAP. VII.: Of the Doctrine of the Right Honourable Mr. Pitt, applied to the Claim of the Loyalists
CHAP. VIII.: Of the Benefits received by the British Nation, from the Sacrifice made of the Property of the Loyalists
CHAP. IX.: Objections answered
APPENDIX
ENDNOTES
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The Claim Of The American Loyalists
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In the same year General Gage, Commander in Chief of the British forces in America, issued his proclamation, declaring, “that all those who should protect, assist, supply, conceal, or correspond with the insurgents, should be treated as rebels and traitors.”
The usurped legislatures of the several colonies, in their turn, passed laws, declaring, “That all persons who should aid, assist, or correspond with the subjects of Great Britain, should be adjudged guilty of high treason against their authorities.” And under these laws they attainted the persons, and confiscated the property, of all who adhered to their allegiance, or gave the least aid or assistance towards supporting “the authority of the Crown, or rights of Parliament.”
