The Element Encyclopedia of Witchcraft: The Complete A–Z for the Entire Magical World
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Judika Illes. The Element Encyclopedia of Witchcraft: The Complete A–Z for the Entire Magical World
The Element Encyclopedia of Witchcraft. Judika Illes
Table of Contents
Introduction
Thirteen Clues That YOU Might Be A Witch
Language
Elements of Witchcraft
The Roots of Witchcraft: The Magical World
Physical Evidence of Magical Thought
Animism
Shamanic Vision
The Fruitful Earth: “The Fertility Cult”
Dualism
Animals
Allies
Baboons
Bats
Bears
Caprimulgids: Nightjars, Nighthawks, and Frogmouths
Cats
Chickens
Corvids: Crows, Ravens, and Jackdaws
Coyotes
Dogs
Donkeys
Familiars
Ferrets (Polecats) and Weasels
Flies
Foxes
Frogs and Toads
Goats
Hyenas
Imps
Iynx (Wryneck)
Jaguars
Leopards
Magpies
Nahual, Nahualli, Naualli, Nagual
Owls
Pigs
Rabbits
Scorpions
Skin-walkers
Snakes
Spiders
Transformation
People Who Transform Willingly into Animals
Animals Who Transform Willingly Into People
Victims of Transformation
Wolves and Werewolves
Werewolves
Books of Magic and Witchcraft
Almanacs
The Witches’ Almanac
Books of Shadows
Dream-books
Grimoires
Aradia or The Gospel of the Witches
The Black Pullet or The Hen with the Golden Eggs
The Book of Pow-Wows or The Long Lost Friend
The Book of San Cipriano and Santa Justina
The Grand Grimoire or The Red Dragon
The Great Albert
The Grimoire of Honorius the Great
The Key of Solomon or Clavicula Salomonis
The Lemegeton or The Lesser Key of Solomon
The Little Albert or Les Secrets Merveilleux de la Magie Naturelle et Cabalistique du Petit Albert
The Magus by Francis Barrett
The Munich Manual of Demonic Magic
Mystery of the Long Lost 8th, 9th and 10th Books of Moses
The Picatrix or the Ghayat al-Hakim (“The Aim of the Wise” or “The Goal of the Wise”)
The Red Dragon
The Sacred Book of Abramelin the Mage
The Secret of Secrets or True Black Magic
The Sixth and Seventh Books of Moses
The True Grimoire or Grimorium Verum
The World’s Greatest Magician Black Herman’s Secrets of Magic, Mystery, and Legerdemain
Library of the Lost
Alexandria’s Library
Druid Books
The Etruscan Library
Mayan, Aztec, and Mixtec Codices
Missing Grimoires
The Sibylline Books
Witch-Hunt Books
Ady, Thomas. A Candle in the Dark, or a Treatise Concerning the Nature of Witches and Witchcraft: Being Advice to the Judges, Sheriffs, Justices of the Peace and Grandjurymen What to Do Before They Pass Sentence on Such as are Arraigned for their Lives as Witches (1656)
Bekker, Balthasar. The World Bewitched or The Enchanted World (1690)
Bodin, Jean. Demonomania of Witches (1580)
Boguet, Henri. Discourse on Sorcery (1602)
del Rio, Martin. Disquisitiones Magicarum or Investigations into Magic (1603)
Gifford, George. A Discourse of the Subtle Practices of Devils by Witches and Sorcerers (1587) and A Dialogue Concerning Witches and Witchcraft (1593)
Guazzo, Francesco Maria. Compendium Maleficarum or Collection on Witches (1608)
Gui, Bernardo. The Inquisitor’s Manual (c. 1324)
James I, King of England. The Daemonologie (1603)
Kramer, Heinrich and James Sprenger. Malleus Maleficarum or Hexenhammer or The Hammer of the Witches (1486)
Lancre, Pierre de. A View of the Duplicity of the Messengers of Evil (1613)
Mather, Cotton. Late Memorable Providences Relating to Witchcraft and Possessions (1689)
Perkins, William. Discourse on the Damned Art of Witchcraft (1608)
Remy, Nicholas. Demonolatry (1595)
Scot, Reginald. The Discoverie of Witchcraft (1584)
Spee, Friedrich. Cautio Criminalis or Circumspection in Criminal Cases, also published as A Book on Witch Trials (1631)
Weyer, Johann. De Praestigiis Daemonum (1563)
Botanicals
Warning
Safety Tips
Alder (Alnus spp.)
Amanita Muscaria or Fly Agaric (Amanita muscaria)
Apples (Malus pumila or Pyrus malus)
Belladonna (Atropa belladonna)
Birch (Betula alba)
Coca (Erythroxylon coca)
Datura (Datura spp.)
Elder (Sambucus nigra)
Elder Candles
Elm (Ulmus campestris)
Enchanter’s Nightshade (Circaea lutetiana or Circaea alpine)
Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger)
Juniper (Juniperus communis)
Mandrake (Mandragora officinarum, also classified as Atropa mandragora)
Mistletoe (Viscum album)
Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris)
Mullein (Verbascum thapsus)
Nettles (Urtica dioica)
Opium Poppy (Papaver somniferum)
Roots
Rowan (Sorbus aucuparia or Fraxinus aucuparia)
Rue (Ruta graveolens)
Saint John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum)
San Pedro (Trichocereus pachanoi)
Trees
Vervain (Verbena spp.)
Willow (Salix spp.)
Wolf ’s Claw or Club Moss (Lycopodium clavatum)
Wolfsbane (Aconite napellus, Aconite vulparia)
Calendar of Revelry and Sacred Days
The Anthestheria
Beltane
Candlemas
Cross Quarter Days
Dias de Los Muertos/Mexican Days of the Dead
Easter
Easter Eggs
Easter Witches
Esbat
Feast of St Lucy or Santa Lucia
February Feasts of Purification and New Life
The Dionysia/The Festival of St Trifon
The Feast Day of St Agatha (February 5th)
The Festival of Juno Sospita
Festivals of the Dead
The Egyptian Feast of the Dead
The Feralia
The Lemuria
The Festival of Mania
Obon Festival
Parentalia
The Floralia
Halloween
Dumb Suppers
Halloween Trees
Hecate Night
Imbolc
Ivan Kupalo
Lammas
Litha
Lughnasa
The August Herbs
Lupercalia
Mabon
May Eve
Midsummer’s Eve or St John’s Eve
Ostara
Sabbat
Witch-hunters’ Sabbats
Sabbats of Modern Wicca
Samhain
The Three Spirit Nights
Time of Day
Twelve Nights of Christmas
Walpurgis
Yule
Creative Arts
Comics
The Black Widow. Marvel Comics, first appeared in 1940
The Books of Magic. Vertigo Comics
Doctor Strange, Master of the Mystic Arts. Marvel Comics, first appeared in 1963
Hellblazer. Vertigo Comics, comic series first published in 1988
Ibis the Invincible. Fawcett Publications
Mandrake the Magician. King Features
Sabrina the Teenage Witch. Archie Comics
The Sandman. DC Comics/Vertigo, first appeared in 1988
The Scarlet Witch. Marvel Comics, first appeared in 1964
Tarot: Witch of the Black Rose. Broadsword Comics, first appeared 2000
Vampirella. Characters first appeared in 1969, initially published by Warren Magazines
Wendy the Good Little Witch. Harvey Comics
Witches. Marvel Comics
The Witching. Vertigo Comics, launched June 2004
Zatanna, The Magician. DC Comics, first appeared in 1964
Zatara, The Magician. DC Comics, first appeared in 1938
Dance
Circle, Ring or Round Dance
Dance of the Seven Veils
Dances of Death
Danse Macabre or The Dance of Death
The Goat Dance
La Volta
Maenad Dances
Perchtentanz or Perchta’s Dance
Processions
Snake, Serpentine or Spiral Dances
The Step of Yu
Tarantella
Treguenda or Danza Alla Strega
Film
Alraune
Alraune
Alraune
Alraune (Mandragore)
Alraune
Alraune
Bell, Book and Candle. Director: Richard Quine, 1958, United States
The Blair Witch Project. Directors: Daniel Myrick, Eduardo Sanchez, 1999, United States
Burn, Witch, Burn! Director: Sidney Hayers, 1962, United States
The Burning Times. Director: Donna Read, 1990, Canada
Cat People. Director: Jacques Tourneur, 1942, United States
The Conqueror Worm. Director: Michael Reeves, 1968, United Kingdom
The Craft. Director: Andrew Fleming, 1996, United States
Disney’s Animated Witches
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs
Cinderella
Sleeping Beauty
The Little Mermaid
The Golem. Director: Paul Wegener, 1920, Germany
Harry Potter Film Series
Häxan (The Witch) Director Benjamin Christensen, 1922, Sweden
I Married A Witch. Director: René Clair, 1942, United States
Kiki’s Delivery Service. Director: Hayao Miyazaki, 1989, Japan
Macbeth
Trevor Nunn’s Macbeth
Roman Polanski’s Macbeth
Orson Welles’ Macbeth
The Magician. Director: Ingmar Bergman, 1958, Sweden
The Magician. Director: Rex Ingram, 1926, United States
The Mask of Satan (La Maschera del Demonio) Director: Mario Bava, 1960, Italy
Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil. Director: Clint Eastwood, 1997, United States
Rosemary’s Baby. Director: Roman Polanski, 1968, United States
The Seventh Seal. Director: Ingmar Bergman, 1957, Sweden
Siberian Lady Macbeth (Sibirska Ledi Magbet) Director: Andrzej Wajda, 1962, Yugoslavia
Spirited Away (Sen To Chihiro No Kamikakushi) Director: Hayao Miyazaki, 2001, Japan
Throne of Blood (Kumonosu Jo) Director: Akira Kurosawa, 1957, Japan
Weird Woman. Director: Reginald LeBorg, 1944, United States
Witch Hammer (Kladivona Carodejnice) Director: Otakar Vavra, 1969, Czechoslovakia
Witches’ Brew. Director: Richard Shorr, 1979, United States
The Wizard of Oz. Director: Victor Fleming, 1939, United States
Literature: Novels and Plays
Alraune
Burn, Witch, Burn!
La Celestina
Chocolat
The Chronicles of Narnia
The Conjure-Man Dies: A Mystery Tale of Dark Harlem
Conjure Wife
Creep, Shadow, Creep!
The Crucible
Faust
The Golden Ass, also known as The Transformations of Lucius
Harry Potter Series
His Dark Materials
The Jungle Book
Lives of the Mayfair Witches
Lord of the Rings
Love Medicine
Macbeth
The Magician
The Master and Margarita
The Monk
The Secrets of Dr Taverner
The Tempest
Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West
Witch Hammer
The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
Manga and Anime
Card Captor Sakura. Creator: CLAMP; Publisher: TOKYOPOP
Tokyo Babylon. Creator: CLAMP; Publisher: TOKYOPOP
Under the Glass Moon. Creator: Ko Ya-Seong; Publisher: TOKYOPOP
Witch Hunter Robin. Creators: Sunrise and Bandai Entertainment
XXXHolic. Creator: CLAMP; Publisher: Delrey/Kodansha
Yu Yu Hakusho. Creator: Yoshihiro Togashi; Publisher: Shonen Jump
Music
Drums and Percussion Instruments
The Flute
Violin
Operas incorporating images of witches:
Popular songs inspired by witches, witchcraft and magical practices include:
Blues and Rhythm and Blues
Television
The Addams Family
Bewitched
Buffy the Vampire Slayer
Charmed
Dark Shadows
Sabrina the Teenage Witch
Visual Arts: Paintings, Postcards, and Woodcuts
Medieval Woodcuts, Engravings, and the Northern Renaissance
The Northern Renaissance
Goya
Caprices
Witchcraft Paintings
The Black Paintings
Nineteenth-century Paintings Including the Pre-Raphaelites
Halloween Postcards
Dictionary of Witchcraft: A Magical Vocabulary
The Divine Witch: Goddesses and Gods
Abondia
Angerboda
Angitia
Aradia
Artemis
The Many-Breasted Artemis of Ephesus
Baba Yaga
Befana la Strega (Befana the Witch)/Befana la Vecchia (Befana the Aged)
Cerridwen
Circe
Dahut
Diana
Dionysus
Feronia
Freya
Frigga
Hecate, Hekate
Hella or Hel
Hermes
Herodias
Herta
Hulda
Isis (Au Set)
Jezibaba
Kali
Kamrusepas
Kapo
Kybele
Lilith
Louhi
Mana
Mari
Morgan le Fay
Muso Koroni
Nicnevin
Nox, Nyx
Ochossi, Oxossi
Odin
Ogun
Orisha Oko
Oshun
Perchta
Proserpina (Persephone)
Ragana
Rübezahl
La Santisima Muerte
Set, Seth
Shiva
Sibillia, Sibilla
Simbi
Tante Arie (“Aunt Arie”)
Tezcatlipoca
Thoth
Tlazolteotl
The White Women
Yemaya
Ergot, The Corn Mother, and The Rye Wolf. Mysteries of Corn
Corn Mother
Demeter
Anat
Baba Yaga
Ceres
Corn Mother
The Corn Mother
Ezili Dantor
The Iron Woman
Isis
The Mamayutas
Mary
Perchta
Poludnica, The Noon Woman
Rugiu Boba
Saning Sari
Saramama
Ergot
The Rye Wolf
Fairies
Birth-spirit Fairies: The Fates
Nature-spirit Fairies
Baobhan Sith
Bereginy
Dakini
Deives
Dones d’Aigua
Dryads
E Bukura e Dheut
Elf
Keshalyi
Korrigans
Lauma
Nixie, Nixy
Peri
Rusalka
Sidhe
Solitary Sidhe
Trolls
Tündér
Tylwyth Teg
Vila, Wila, Veles, Veela, Víly
Changelings
Fairy Cats
Fairy Dart
Fairy Doctors
Fairy Faith
Fairy Forts
Fairy Magicians
Fairy Roads
The Fairy Witch
The Sicilian Fairy Cult
Witchcraft Trials Involving Fairies
Fairy-Tale Witches and Mother Goose
African-American Conjure Tales
Grimms’ Fairy Tales
Briar Rose
The Devil with the Three Golden Hairs
Fitcher’s Bird (sometimes called Fowler’s Fowl)
Frau Trude
Hansel and Gretel
Jorinda and Joringel
Mother Holle
The Old Woman in the Forest
Rapunzel
Snow White
Hans Christian Andersen’s Fairy Tales
The Little Mermaid
The Snow Queen
The Wild Swans
Jewish Fairy Tales
Mother Goose
Russian Fairy Tales
Baba Yaga (1)
Baba Yaga (2)
Prince Danila Govorila
Vasilisa the Wise (Also called Vasilisa the Beautiful or Vasilisa the Brave)
Witch-cats and Similar Transformation Tales
Food and Drink
Absinthe
Anisette
Homemade Anisette Infusion
Apples
Apple Group Ritual for Good Luck
Apple Love Spell
Boszorkányhab (Witch’s Froth)
Bean Divination
Fortune-teller’s Bean
Bean Ritual for the Solitary Fortune-teller
Beer
Beltane Cake
Beltane Caudle
Bock Beer
Bread
Cakes
Cakes and Ale, Cakes and Wine
Cakes for The Queen of Heaven
Days of The Dead (Dias De Los Muertos)
Mexican Sugar Skulls
Molé Sauce
Pan de Muerto
Fava Beans
Festival of Diana
Fox Spirit Tofu (Inari Sushi)
Halloween Specialties
Apple Crowdie
Colcannon
Fortune Cake
Fortune-teller’s Crowdie
Lambswool
Mash of Nine Sorts
Hecate Supper
Lunar Foods
May Wine
Moon Cakes
Moon Cake Ritual
Pancakes
Pumpkins
Rapunzel
Salt
Snake Cake
Snake Cake
Strega Liquore
Witch’s Brew
Witch’s Butter
Witch’s Egg
Witches’ Salt
Yule Cakes
Bûche de Noël
Speculaas Poppen
Witch’s supper
The Hag
Angerboda
Baba Yaga
Beltane Carline
Black Annis
Caillagh Ny Gueshag/ Caillagh Ny Groamach
Cailleach
Cailleach Bhéara
Cailleach Bheur
Cailleach Bolus
Cailleach Corca Duibhne
Cailleach Mor
Cailleach Oidhche
Cailleach Uragaig
Carlin
Demeter
The Devil’s Grandmother
Giants
Grid
Gyre Carlin
Hag Rune
Hag Stone
Hyrrokkin
Leshovikha
Mala Liath
Muir Larteach
Skadi
Sheela na Gig
Thokk
Troll-Hags
The Horned One and The Devil
Aatxe, Etsai
Akerbeltz
Almaqah
Ashmodai, Asmodeus
Attis
Azazel
Baphomet
Boch de Biterna/Boch de Biterne
Bossu
Boujeloud
Cain
Cernunnos
Chimney Sweep
The Devil
Satan
Lucifer
Dionysus
Eshu-Elegbara/Exu
Fauns
Faunus
Goat God
Hannya
Hathor
Hermes
Herne the Hunter
Juno Caprotina
Khnum
Krampus
Leshii
Minotaur
Oni
Oya
Pan
Papa Bois
Pashupati
Robin Goodfellow
Rod
Rozhanitsy
Santa Claus
Satyrs
Se’irim
Shiva
Sylvanus
Virbius
Magical Arts
Alchemy
Western Alchemy
Chinese Alchemy
Astrology
Candle Magic
Charm Bags
Charms and Incantations
Commanding and Compelling
Divination
Healing
Herbalism
Image Magic
Kabalah
Cabala
Qabala
Necromancy
Séances
Witch Boards
Ritual Possession
Runes
The Runes of the Elder Futhark
Sigils
Spell-casting
Spirit Working/Spirit Summoning
Tarot
Magical Professions
Coachmen
Masons
Metalworkers
Athena
Brigid
Dactyls
Dwarfs
Hephaestus
Inari
Ogun
Svarog
Tubal-Cain
Wayland the Smith
Millers
Places: A witch’s Travel Guide
Bathhouse
Bania
Temescal
Burial Grounds
Crossroads
Forest
Arduinna
Meza Mate
Ogun
Osain
Grotto
Grove
The Grove of Aricia
Rügen Island
Magical Places
Benevento
Chiloé Island
Salem
Siquijor Island
Marketplace
Mountains
Bald Mountain
Blokula, Blockula, Blakulla or Blokulla
The Brocken
Gellért Hill
Horselberg
Monte della Sibilla, The Sibyl’s Mountain in Norcia
Mount Hekla
Old Woman’s Mountain
Pendle Hill
Puy de Dôme
Witches’ Caves of Zugarramurdi
Museums of Witchcraft
Castle Halloween
Museum of Icelandic Sorcery and Witchcraft
Museum of Witchcraft
Swamps
Abátàn, or Abàtá
Bolotnyi
Yemaya and Oshun
Thresholds
Wells
Tools of Witchcraft
Athamé
Bells
Bolline
Brooms
Candles
Cards
Cauldrons
Chalice
Cord
Crystal Balls
Dolls
Flying Ointments
Horns
Labrys
Masks
Mirrors
Mortar and Pestle
Pentacle (Pentagram)
Sieve
Staff
Swords
Tripod
Wands
Witchcraft Hall of Fame
Abei no Seimei (c.921–1005 CE)
Agrippa von Nettesheim, Henricus Cornelius (September 14, 1486–1535)
Albertus Magnus (c.1193– November 15, 1280)
The Alraunas
Bardon, Franz (December 1, 1909–July 10, 1958)
Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna (August 12, 1831–May 8, 1891)
Buckland, Raymond (August 31, 1934–)
Budapest, Z. (January 30, 1940–)
Buzzard, Dr
Cagliostro, Count Alessandro di (June 2, 1743–August 6, 1795)
Crowley, Aleister (October 12, 1875–December 1, 1947)
Cunningham, Scott (June 27, 1956–March 28, 1993)
David-Neel, Alexandra (October 28, 1868–September 8, 1969)
Dee, Dr John (July 13, 1527–March 26, 1609)
Dye, Aunt Caroline
Caroline Dyer Blues. Endor, The Witch of
Faust, Dr Johannes
Ficino, Marsilio (October 19, 1433–October 1, 1499)
Flamel, Nicholas (c.1330–?)
Fortune, Dion (December 6, 1890–January 8, 1946)
Gardner, Gerald Brosseau (June 13, 1884–February 12, 1964)
Hanussen, Erik Jan (June 2, 1889–March 25, 1933)
Hermes Trismegistus
Jesus (c.1–33)
Joan of Arc (January 6, 1412–May 30, 1431)
John, Dr (c.1801–August 23, 1885)
Kelley, Edward (August 1, 1555–1597)
Kingsford, Anna Bonus (September 16, 1846–February 22, 1888)
Laveau, Marie
Leek, Sybil (February 22, 1922–October 26, 1982)
Lenormand, Marie (May 27, 1772–June 25, 1843)
Levi, Eliphas (c.1810–October 12, 1875)
Lilly, William (May 1, 1602–June 9, 1681)
Mathers, Moina (February 28, 1865–July 25, 1928)
Mathers, Samuel L. MacGregor (January 8, 1854–November 20, 1918)
Medea
Merlin
Murray, Margaret (July 13, 1863–1963)
Nostradamus, Michel De (December 14, 1503– July 2, 1566)
Paracelsus (1493–September 1541)
Pickingill, “Old George” (1816–1909)
Pythagoras (c.569 BCE–c.475 BCE)
Randolph, Paschal Beverly (October 8, 1825–July 29, 1875)
Rucker, “Black” Herman (1892–April 1934)
Sanders, Alex (1926–April 30, 1988)
Scot, Sir Michael (c.1214–c.1291)
Sendivogius, Michael (–1646)
Seton, Alexander (–1603)
Seven Sisters
Shipton, Mother (1488–1558)
Simon Magus
Valiente, Doreen (1922–September 1, 1999)
Virgil (70–19 BCE)
Williamson, Cecil (September 18, 1909–1996)
Yah-Yah, Dr
Witchcraze! Persecution of Witches
Africa
Bacchanalia
Basque Region
British North American Colonies
The Goodwin Witch Trials
Grace Sherwood
Salem Village Witch Trials
Canon Episcopi
Christianity
England
Eleanor Cobham
Anne Boleyn
Chelmsford Witch Trials
The Windsor Witches
St Osyth Trial
The Warboys Witches
The Pendle Forest Witches
The Burton Boy
Matthew Hopkins
The Somerset Witch Trials
Exeter Witch Trials
France
The Loudon Witch Trials
Germany
Iceland
The Inquisition
Ireland
The Kilkenny Witch Trials
The Island Magee Witch Trial
Italy
Poland
Procedure
Russia
Scotland
The North Berwick Witch Trials
The Aberdeen Witch Trials
Isobel Gowdie
Spain
The Spanish Colonies (New Spain)
Sweden
Switzerland
Torture
Witch’s Mark, or Devil’s Mark
Witch’s Tit
Women’s Mysteries
Midwives
Midwife Goddesses
Midwife Magic
Midwife Persecution
Midwife Witch Trials
Spinning
Divination
Embroidery and Fine Needlework
Spinning Goddesses
Amaterasu
Athena
Circe
Frigga
Habetrot (Habitrot, Habtrot)
Hulda
Ix Chel
Keshalyi
Mari
The Moirae
Mokosh
Neith
The Norns
The Parcae
Perchta
Saule
Spider Grandmother
Spider Woman
St Paraskeva
Tante Arie
Uttu
The Weird Sisters
Spinning Tools
Distaff
Loom
Shuttle
Spindle
Spindle Whorls
Spinning Wheels
Wormwood and Garlic: Dangers and Protection
Dangers of Witchcraft. Curses
The Evil Eye
Hexes
Menstrual Power
Protective Measures
Botanical Solutions
The Cross and Christian Power
Power of the Witch
Bibliography
Internet Sources
Acknowledgments
Other Book By
Copyright
About the Publisher
Отрывок из книги
the complete a–z for the entire magical world
In memory of Zsuzsanna and Margit Grosz
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In a Tewa legend, Coyote marries Yellow Corn Girl and teaches her to transform into animal shape by jumping through hoops. He then teaches her methods of killing by witchcraft. She thus becomes the first witch, at least in the malevolent sense. Coyote is the source of witchcraft similar to the biblical angels who entangled themselves with the Daughters of Man, as recounted in Genesis 6:2-4.
Shape-shifters, skin-walkers and nahuals frequently take the form of coyotes—whether this is understood positively or negatively depends upon perceptions of the practice.
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