Читать книгу Digital Photography For Dummies - King Julie Adair, Julie Adair King - Страница 22

Again, by fixed lens, I mean a lens that's permanently paired with the camera body. Cameras in this category fall into two camps:

 “Real” cameras: That is, a camera whose sole purpose is photography, as opposed to a computer device or phone that sports a camera. Most people refer to these cameras as point-and-shoot models because they offer automatic settings that enable the novice photographer to, well, point and shoot. Yet I hesitate to use the term, because higher-end fixed-lens models do let you control exposure, focus, and other picture settings. And although you can't swap out lenses on these cameras, many models have zoom lenses that reach from wide-angle to telephoto views, so you still enjoy lots of picture-taking flexibility.Whatever you want to call them, these cameras come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and colors, ranging from models that look like a small dSLR or mirrorless camera to pocket-size wonders that make the latest smartphones look huge. You also can find models specifically designed for rugged use, offering features such as shockproof and water-resistant cases. These models are great not only for outdoor adventurers, but also for young photographers who may not always be as careful with their devices as the adults in their life would like them to be. Heck, I certainly don't qualify as a young photographer (although 60 is the new 59), and I can't be counted on to always retain a firm grip on my equipment, either.

 Smartphone and tablet cameras: Of course, no book on digital photography today would be complete without mentioning the cameras built into these multipurpose devices. Providing specifics, though, is difficult because the capabilities of smartphone and tablet cameras vary so widely. On some devices, you can do things such as tap the screen to indicate the focus point or adjust exposure slightly, but other devices give you no control at all. Some devices offer multiple built-in lenses, each with a different focal lengths, while others limit you to a single lens and focal length. Suffice it to say that if you're going to use a mobile device as your main camera, do your research.

Also note that even though you can't swap out lenses on these types of cameras, you can often attach lens modifiers that provide a different angle of view than the built-in lens. Companies such as Moment (www.shopmoment.com) sell telephoto and macro (close-up) add-on lenses for smartphones, for example.