Читать книгу English grammar with Kudjo. Понятная и забавная грамматика для детей и взрослых. Part 1 - - Страница 6

Прошедшее простое время показывает регулярное, законченное действие в прошлом. Все глаголы делятся на правильные и неправильные. Правильные глаголы (regular verbs) образуют форму Past Simple с помощью окончания -ed, в то время как неправильные (irregular verbs) имеют свою особую форму, которую можно найти в таблице неправильных глаголов в конце книги.

Например, купил -bought, закрыл-closed.

Утвердительное предложение выглядит так:

подлежащее + глагол в форме Past Simple.

Kudjo woke up five minutes ago.

EXERCISE 1

Поставьте глагол в форму Past Simple:

When Kudjo /be/ a little puppy,

1 he /play/ all day long.

2 he /have/ too long legs and /fall/ down every time

3 he /love/ all the dogs that he /meet/.

4 he /taste/ everything that he /find/.

5 he /bark/ when he /be/ excited and he /be/ excited 20 hours a day!

6 he /can/ go 10 km non-stop.

7 he /enjoy/ looking at his reflection in mirrors and shop windows.

8 he /love/lying next to the laptop and watching me working.

Отрицательная и вопросительная формы строятся точно так же, как и в Present Simple при помощи вспомогательного глагола do в прошедшем времени- did.

Обратите внимание, что сам основной глагол при этом остается в нулевой форме.

Структура отрицательного предложения:

подлежащее+ did + not + глагол.

He didn’t go downstairs on his own.

При этом сокращенная форма didn’t звучит более естественно.

EXERCISE 2

Поставьте глагол в отрицательной форме в Present Simple или Past Simple:

1 When Kudjo was little, he /not like/ sleeping much. But now he /not like/ waking up early.

2 When Kudjo was little, he /not want/ to stay alone. Now he /not mind / doing it.

3 When Kudjo was little, he /not come/ up to big boxes and bags, now he /not come/ up either.

4 Yesterday he /not stay/ out for a long time because of a biting frost.

5 He /not wear/ clothes because he has thick fur.

6 He even /not bark/ yesterday because it was too cold to open his mouth.

7 He /not get/ any treats yesterday.

8 He usually /not go/ to bed before midnight and he / not kip/ down so early last night.

Вопросительное предложение в Past Simple выглядит так:

(вопросительное слово) + did + подлежащее + глагол?

What time did he go to bed last night?

EXERCISE 3

Поставьте вопрос к выделенному слову:

1 Kudjo met a lot of dogs at the exhibition last week.

2 Kudjo woke up very late last morning.

3 Kudjo ate a big bowl of meat for lunch yesterday.

4 Kudjo jumped off the bed very loudly and woke up everybody.

5 Kudjo lay down on the sofa and didn’t move for ages.

6 Kudjo brought a strange toy from his walk.

7 Kudjo ran a lot during his night walk.

8 Kudjo gave his paw to a little boy, who was crying.

Сигнальными словами для времени Past Simple являются следующие слова и сочетания: yesterday, when, ago, last night (week, month, year, etc.),in 2023, in the past.

EXERCISE 4

Поставьте правильный маркер: tonight, when, now, never, last January, usually, at the moment, last summer

1 Kudjo is watching boats fixedly *****.

2 Kudjo stole some raw meat and ate it ***** he was little.

3 Kudjo ***** lies next to me during my work.

4 Kudjo had a big birthday cake *****.

5 Kudjo is seeing his groomer *****.

6 We spent a great time in the country *****..

7 Look! Kudjo is digging out his toy*****..

8 Kudjo ***** eats shrimps. He hates them.

EXERCISE 5

Напишите предложения о вашем выдуманном идеальном дне рождения, используя глаголы в Past Simple и наши подсказки-вопросы.

For example,

My last birthday was exciting! I woke up on the top of a hill, which was made from a lot of presents…

1 wake up /what time? and where?/

2 see /what?/

3 eat /what?/

4 go /where?/

5 meet /who?/

6 do /what?/

7 return /where?/

8 have /what?/

EXERCISE 6

Напишите глагол в форме Present Simple или Past Simple:

1 Kudjo usually /wake/ up at 8 am, but yesterday he /sleep/ till 10 in the morning.

2 Kudjo always /go/ for a walk three times a day, but yesterday he /go/ out only twice.

3 Kudjo never /play/ with other dogs, but yesterday he /run/ after a sheep-dog.

4 Kudjo rarely /take/a nap in the afternoon, but yesterday he /sleep/ all day.

5 Kudjo hardly ever /watch/ cartoons, but yesterday he /watch/ The Simpsons.

6 Kudjo usually /not fight/ with other dogs, but yesterday he /fight/ with a bulldog.

7 Kudjo often /ask/ me for something tasty, but yesterday he even /not look/ at the box with treats.

8 Kudjo /wag/ his tail every time somebody comes up to him, but yesterday he just /sit/ down and /raise/ his paw.

EXERCISE 7

Поставь нужный глагол в пропуск в форме Past Simple:

Once Kudjo /get/ bored and /decide/ to invite his friend Chilly to have a little party at his place. They /go/ to the pet shop and /buy/ a lot of treats and /rush/ home to have a stag night. At first they /watch/ some series about alien dogs and then /play/ aliens.They /jump/ a lot, /play/ football and hide-and-seek and finally /become/ hungry and /open/ the bag with treats. When they /see/ those yummy pieces, they /forget/ about their friendship and /begin/ barking and roaring at each other. It /be/ so loud that a furious neighbor /come/ in, /grasp/ this bag and /threaten/ to splash water over them. He /sound/ so furious that the friends /get/ scared, /stop/ fighting immediately and /lie/ down on the sofa, hungry, tired and offended.

EXERCISE 8

Найдите ошибку и исправьте:

1 Kudjo reads a new book yesterday.

2 Kudjo falled downstairs and got hurt.

3 He is knowing what to do now.

4 Kudjo always bark at the hoover.

5 He don’t go for a walk last night.

6 Did he came home in time yesterday?

7 Kudjo didn’t forgot about the present.

8 Kudjo teached his friend to speak English.

⠀

EXERCISE 9

Отметьте правильный вариант:

1 Look at Kudjo! He ***** to climb the tree.

a is trying

b tries

c tried

2 We **** to the sea last summer.

a took our dogs and flied

b take our dogs and flew

c took our dogs and flew

3 Kudjo ***** salty water in the sea and got sick.

a drinked

b drinks

c drank

4 He usually ***** going by car.

a enjoys

b is enjoying

c enjoyed

5 He ***** to a dog show yesterday.

a went

b goes

c goed

6 Kudjo ***** the champion last month.

a becomed

b became

c becomes

7 Kudjo ***** a little kitten home last night.

a brang

b bringed

c brought

8 Kudjo ***** me make up sentences for the test at the moment.

a help

b is helping

c helped

EXERCISE 10

Переведите предложения, используя Present Simple, Present Continuous и Past Simple:

1 Вчера Куджо поссорился со своим другом из-за игрушки.

2 Они сейчас лежат на полу и слушают новости.

3 Куджо обычно ест 2 раза в день.

4 Как ты провел свои каникулы?

5 Куджо не слышит тебя сейчас. Говори громче.

6 В прошлом году Куджо занял первое место на конкурсе “самая милая мордашка”.

7 Куда ты так бежишь? – Я догоняю свою собаку, которая догоняет нашу кошку.

8 Как часто ты обнимаешь своего питомца?