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The eight trigrams are the root symbols of the I Ching’s 64 hexagrams. Each trigram is a combination of three straight lines that are either broken or unbroken – much like dots and dashes in a binary code. Trigrams collectively symbolize a trinity of world principles recognized as the subject (man), the object having form (earth), and the content (heaven). The bottom line is earth, the middle is man, and the top line is heaven.

A significant feature of the trigrams is that they transform, and in doing so create new aspects. This is why we have two arrangements of the trigrams – the Early Heaven and the Later Heaven arrangement thus producing two Pa Kuas – the Yin and Yang Pa Kua. In the Early Heaven arrangement the transformations are expressed as “Heaven and Earth determining the directions” – signified by Chien and Kun; “Mountain and Lake uniting” (Ken and Tui); “Thunder and Wind arousing each other” (Chen and Sun); and as “Water and Fire (Kan and Li) not combating” each other. This summary of the trigram relationships reflects their arrangement in the Early Heaven Pa Kua. These descriptions feature in the application of Yin feng shui of grave sites.

In the Later Heaven arrangement, the trigrams express a seasonal cyclical relationship so that their place in the Pa Kua changes. For feng shui purposes it is very significant to note how these trigrams change locations/directions. This movement of places suggest implications on the luck on houses as a result of the way waters (i.e. rivers) flow towards the house/building from one direction and exit in another direction. The same interpretation can also be analyzed with regard to roads that are in the vicinity of your home. Generally when water or roads flow towards the home from an Early Heaven direction (EHD) and flow out in a Later Heaven direction (LHD), the water reflects luck coming from heaven flowing to earth and is auspicious for Yang houses. Moving in the other direction is not auspicious and suggests illness, death, and loss. So note the following summary of the EHD and LHD of the directions based on the trigram transformations of the two Pa Kuas. When roads or rivers near your home flow in the following way they are said to be auspicious for the home.

 The trigram Chien moves from south (in the Early Heaven arrangement) to the northwest (in the Later Heaven arrangement), so when roads or rivers come towards the home from the south and move away in a northwesterly direction the road is auspicious and benefits the father of the household.

 The trigram Kun moves from north to the southwest, so roads or rivers moving towards the home from the north and away in a southwesterly direction are auspicious and benefit the mother of the household.

 The trigram Chen moves from northeast to east so roads or rivers moving towards the home from the northeast and away in a easterly direction are auspicious and benefit the eldest son in the household.

 The trigram Sun moves from southwest to southeast so roads or rivers moving towards the home from the southwest and away in a southeasterly direction are auspicious and benefit the eldest daughter of the household.

 The trigram Tui moves from southeast to west so roads or rivers moving towards the home from the southeast and away in a westerly direction are auspicious and benefit the youngest daughter of the household.

 The trigram Ken moves from northwest to northeast so roads or rivers moving towards the home from the northwest and away in a northeasterly direction are auspicious and benefit the youngest son in the household.

 The trigram Kan moves from west to north so roads or rivers moving towards the home from the west and away in a northerly direction are auspicious and benefit the middle son of the household.

 The trigram Li moves from east to south so roads or rivers moving towards the home from the east and away in a southerly direction are auspicious and benefit the middle daughter in the household.