Читать книгу The Handy Psychology Answer Book - Lisa J. Cohen - Страница 253

The MMPI is one of the oldest and best known self-report questionnaires. It measures various aspects of personality and psychopathology. The original version of the MMPI was developed in the 1940s. The second edition of the MMPI, known as the MMPI-2, was revised in 1989 and is still in use. Ten clinical scales are derived from 567 self-report items in a true/false format. These are: Hypochondriasis, Depression, Hysteria, Psychopathic Deviancy, Paranoia, Psychasthenia, Schizophrenia, Hypomania, Maculinity-Femininity, and Social Introversion. There are also a number of validity scales to assess response biases, such as under-reporting or over-reporting. Additionally, restructured clinical scales and subscales were added in 2003 and 2008. There is also a shorter MMPI-A for adolescents.