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Most majors/courses are made up of several units/classes each taught by a different professor or tutor. In the UK the term “lecturer” is also used.

Pre-requisite: A pre-requisite is a unit/class you must take before you can study something else.

Required/Compulsory: A required class is a class which every student in the major must study.

Electives/Elective units: An elective is a class which you can choose to study. Students must study all required classes and a certain number of electives of their choice.

In the US, you’ll have a combination of required classes and electives. Required classes may be part of your major, or part of general requirements for a BA, for example. Even if you’re an English major, for example, you’ll still need to take a certain number of science classes.

In the UK, the different parts of your course are usually called modules. There will be compulsory modules and possibly also optional ones, which can also be called elective modules. Sometimes these can be taken in subjects which aren’t part of your main discipline (e.g. in English language while you’re studying mathematics).

Before you enroll, find out which parts of your major are required, which have pre-requisites, and which parts you can choose.