Читать книгу Energy Transition in Metropolises, Rural Areas, and Deserts - Louis Boisgibault - Страница 18

Metropolises: Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) and the European Metropolis of Lille (France)

 – Stock energy: Oil, gas, coal (hydrocarbons) and nuclear.

 – Energy efficiency.

 – Flow energies: Biofuels, biomass, biomethane (household waste incineration), ocean energy, small wind, medium and high geothermal energy, building integrated photovoltaic solar energy and solar thermal energy.

 – Alternative fuels: NGV, electricity, hydrogen.

 – Networks: Transport and distribution of oil, electricity, gas, heat and cooling.

Rurality: Pays de Fayence (France) and Bokhol (Senegal)

 – Stock energy: Oil, gas, coal (hydrocarbons) and nuclear.

 – Energy efficiency.

 – Flow energies: Biofuel, biomass, biomethane, ocean energy, wind, low-energy geothermal energy (heat pumps), hydropower, solar photovoltaic and solar thermal.

 – Alternative fuels: NGV.

 – Networks: Electricity transmission and distribution.

Desert: Ouarzazate in the Sahara (Morocco) and Saudi Arabian desert

 – Stock energy: Drilling of hydrocarbons and minerals.

 – Flow energies: Biomass, wind, solar photovoltaic and solar thermodynamic with concentration (parabolic trough mirrors, solar tower).

 – Networks: Transport of hydrocarbons and electricity.

Not all energy sectors are studied in detail. The aim is to see which ones are best suited to a given territory, to understand why sectors are not being exploited more, to study examples of achievements, to analyze the challenges in terms of energy transition for buildings, transport and industry and to find solutions according to three types of space.

1 1 Map made by the author.

2 2 International Energy Agency (2018). World Energy Outlook.