Читать книгу Political Science For Dummies - Marcus A. Stadelmann - Страница 58

The concept of citizenship is a part of political culture. In every society, people are told what makes a good citizen and what type of characteristics citizens should possess.

Every sovereign nation-state in the world has different citizenship requirements and expects citizens to behave in a certain manner. Three examples of different citizenship requirements are

 Jus soli (Latin for “right by territory”): In a country following the law of jus soli, everybody born in its territory automatically becomes a citizen. France and the United States use this law.

 Jus sanguinis (Latin for “right by blood”): Countries following jus sanguinis bestow citizenship rights based on blood. For example, a person is automatically a German citizen if one of his parents was a German citizen, regardless of whether he ever visited or lived in Germany. (As a side note, Germany will allow individuals to become citizens if they have legally lived in Germany for eight years and apply for citizenship.)

 Israel’s law of return: It makes every Jewish person a citizen as soon as he moves permanently to Israel. This can be called citizenship by religion.