Читать книгу Who Is a Muslim? - Maryam Wasif Khan - Страница 6
ОглавлениеFor all transliterations from Urdu, I have followed the Annual of Urdu Studies guide (2007) with some variations that are available as follows. I have not transliterated each and every passage but rather privileged words and phrases that are critical for those readers of Urdu looking to trace particular concepts and meanings as they emerge in the modern vocabulary.
Vowels
a, ā, e, ē, i, ī, o, ō, u, ū, ai, au
Consonant
| bē | b |
| pē | p |
| tē | t |
| ŧē | ŧ |
| śē | ś |
| jīm | j |
| čē | č |
| ĥē | ĥ |
| ķē | ķ |
| dāl | d |
| đāl | đ |
| zāl | ž |
| rē | r |
| ŗē | ŗ |
| zē | z |
| sīn | s |
| shīn | sh |
| șuād | ș |
| źuād | ź |
| țō`ē | ț |
| żō`ē | ż |
| ‘ain | ‘ |
| ġain | ġh |
| fē | f |
| qāf | q |
| kāf | k |
| gāf | g |
| lām | l |
| mīm | m |
| nūn | n/ñ |
| vā`ō | v |
| hē | h |
| dō | |
| čāshmī | |
| ħē | ħ |
| yē | y |
| hamzā | ` |
