Читать книгу Population Genetics - Matthew B. Hamilton - Страница 3

1 Chapter 2Table 2.1 Punnett square to predict genotype frequencies for loci on sex chro...Table 2.2 An example DNA profile for three STR (“simple tandem repeat”) loci ...Table 2.3 Allele frequencies for nine STR loci commonly used in forensic case...Table 2.4 Expected numbers of each of the three MN blood group genotypes unde...Table 2.5 χ² values and associated cumulative probabilities in the right‐hand...Table 2.6 Hardy–Weinberg expected genotype frequencies for the ABO blood grou...Table 2.7 Expected numbers of each of the four blood group genotypes under th...Table 2.8 Observed genotype counts and frequencies in a sample ofN = 200 indi...Table 2.9 Estimates of the fixation index () for various species based on pe...Table 2.10 The mean phenotype in a population that is experiencing consanguin...Table 2.11 A summary of the Mendelian basis of inbreeding depression under th...Table 2.12 Expected frequencies of gametes for two diallelic loci in a random...Table 2.13 Example of the effect of population admixture on gametic disequili...Table 2.14 Joint counts of genotype frequencies observed at two microsatellit...

2 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Typical results of sampling from beaker populations of micro‐centri...Table 3.2 The equations used to calculate the expected frequency of populatio...Table 3.3 The level of heterozygosity found in island and mainland population...Table 3.4 Data from simulated allele frequencies in Figure 3.20 used to estim...Table 3.5 Simulated allele frequencies in Figure 3.20 used to estimate the ef...Table 3.6 Empirical estimates of effective population size () or effective n...

3 Chapter 4Table 4.1 Microsatellite genotypes with allelic states given in base pairs fo...Table 4.2 Seed progeny genotypes given with the known maternal parent genotyp...Table 4.3 Allele frequencies for fiveCorythophora alta microsatellite loci us...Table 4.4 The chance of a random match for the included fathers in Table 4.2....Table 4.5 The mathematical and biological definitions of heterozygosity for t...Table 4.6 The mathematical and biological definitions of fixation indices for...Table 4.7 Allele and genotype frequencies for the hypothetical example of alb...Table 4.8 Expected frequencies for individual DNA profile loci and the three ...Table 4.9 Estimates of the fixation index among subpopulations (F_ST) for dive...Table 4.10 An example of population assignment of a genotype using Bayes rule...Table 4.11 Distribution of natural log posterior probability values for clust...

4 Chapter 5Table 5.1 Per‐locus mutation rates measured for five loci that influence coat...Table 5.2 Rates of spontaneous mutation expressed per base pair per generatio...Table 5.3 The expected frequency of each family size per pair of parents (k) ...Table 5.4 Hypothetical allele frequencies in two subpopulations used to compu...Table 5.5 A comparison of hypothetical estimates of population subdivision as...

5 Chapter 6Table 6.1 The expected frequencies of two genotypes after natural selection f...Table 6.2 Assumptions of the basic natural selection model with a diallelic l...Table 6.3 The expected frequencies of three genotypes after natural selection...Table 6.4 The general categories of relative fitness values for viability sel...

6 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Relative fitness estimates for the six genotypes of the hemoglobin ...Table 7.2 Matrix of fitness values for all combinations of the four gametes f...Table 7.3 Expected frequencies of gametes under viability selection for two d...Table 7.4 Fitness values based on the fecundities of mating pairs of male and...

7 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Nucleotide diversity (π) estimates reported from comparative studie...Table 8.2 DNA divergence estimates for three loci in maize and wheat, both mo...Table 8.3 Mean and variance in the number of substitutions at a neutral locus...Table 8.4 Number of substitutions per nucleotide site observed over 49 nuclea...Table 8.5 Estimates of polymorphism and divergence for two loci sampled from ...Table 8.6 Estimates of polymorphism and divergence (fixed sites) for nonsynon...

8 Chapter 9Table 9.1 Symbols commonly used to refer to categories or causes of variation...Table 9.2 The eight uncorrelated (or orthogonal) types of genetic effects tha...Table 9.3 Examples of parental and progeny mean phenotypes that illustrate th...Table 9.4 Examples of response to selection for two phenotypes with the possi...Table 9.5 Derivation of the expected phenotypic value for the three marker‐lo...Table 9.6 Derivation of the expected phenotypic value for two genetic marker ...Table 9.7 Examples of QTL identified by mapping with genetic marker loci.Table 9.8 Derivation of the expected phenotypic values for marker genotypes u...

9 Chapter 10Table 10.1 The population mean phenotype (M) obtained from genotype frequenci...Table 10.2 The mean value of all genotypes that contain either an A₁ () or a...Table 10.3 Examples of the average effect for theIFG1 locus in dogs. All case...Table 10.4 The mean phenotypic value of progeny that result when an individua...Table 10.5 Examples of breeding values for the threeIFG1 locus genotypes in d...Table 10.6 Expressions for genotypic values relative to the population mean, ...Table 10.7 Genotypic values, breeding values, and dominance deviations for th...Table 10.8 Expected covariance in genotypic values between groups of relative...Table 10.9 Frequencies and mean values for parents and progeny used to derive...