Читать книгу Vegetable Teratology - Maxwell T. Masters - Страница 3

 FIG. PAGE

 1. Diagram of regular pentamerous flower 4

 2. Cohesion of branch Dipsacus sylvestris 10

 3. Fasciated lettuce ('Gard. Chron.') 11

 4. Fasciation in Asparagus 12

 5. Fasciation in Pinus Pinaster 13

 6. Fasciation and spiral torsion in Asparagus ('Gard. Chron.') 14

 7. Fasciation in scape of dandelion 16

 8. Pitcher on leaf of Pelargonium 22

 9. Transition from flat to tubular segments of the perianth in Eranthis 24

 10. Pitcher of Crassula arborescens (C. Morren) 26

 11. Gamopetalous corolla, Papaver bracteatum 28

 12. Adhesion of petaloid stamen to segment of perianth, Crocus 35

 13. Adhesion of petal, stamen and carpel, Cheiranthus Cheiri 36

 14. Synanthy. Campanula Medium ('Gard. Chron.') 37

 15, 16. Synanthic flowers of Calanthe vestita 39

 17. Synanthy in Digitalis purpurea ('Gard. Chron.') 40

 18. Synanthy in Calceolaria 41

 19, 20. Syncarpic apples 47

 21. Adhesion of two stems of oak ('Gard. Chron.') 51

 22. Adhesion of branches of elm ('Gard. Chron.') 52

 23. Adhesion of two roots of carrot, one white, the other red ('Gard. Chron.') 53

 24. Section through inverted and adherent mushrooms 54

 25. Bifurcated male catkin, Cedrus Libani 61

 26. Bifurcated leaf, Lamium album 62

 27. Bifurcated leaf, Pelargonium 63

 28. Bifurcated frond, Scolopendrium 64

 29. Three-lobed lip of Oncidium 68

 30. Dialysis of corolla in Correa 71

 31. Dialysis of corolla in Campanula (De Candolle) 72

 32. Anomalous form of orange 74

 33, 34. Disjoined carpels of orange (Maout) 75

 35. Proliferous rose (Bell Salter) 78

 36, 37. Apple flower, with detached calyx, &c. 79

 38. Flower of Œnanthe crocata, with detached calyx, &c. 80

 39. Anomalous bulbs of tulip 85

 40. Displaced leaf of Gesnera (C. Morren) 88

 41. Leaves of Pinus pinea 89

 42. Deranged leaves of yew 90

 43. Cohesion of sepals and displacement of parts of Oncidium cucullatum 92

 44. Malformed flower of Cypripedium 93

 45. Diagram of the same 93

 46. Diagram of natural structure in Cypripedium 93

 47. Diagram of malformed flower of Lycaste Skinneri 93

 48. Diagram of malformed flower of Dendrobium nobile 94

 49. Natural arrangement in same flower 94

 50. Diagram of malformed violet 94

 51. Monstrous flower of Cerastium ('Gard. Chron.') 97

 52. Inflorescence of Polyanthus, with tufts of leaves at the summit 105

 53. Lateral prolification in inflorescence of Pelargonium 108

 54. Paniculate inflorescence of Plantago major 109

 55. Branched spike and leafy bracts of the same 110

 56. Inflorescence of Plantago lanceolata, with leaves and secondary flower-stalks at its summit 111

 57. Branched inflorescence of Reseda Luteola 112

 58. Thalamus of strawberry prolonged into a leafy branch ('American Agriculturist') 116

 59. Flower of Verbascum, with dialysis of calyx and corolla and prolonged thalamus 116

 60. Median floral prolification of Dianthus 120

 61. Leafy carpels and prolification of Daucus Carota 123

 62. Median floral prolification of Delphinium 126

 63. Median prolification, &c., of Orchis pyramidalis 128

 64. Proliferous rose (Bell Salter) 130

 65. Axillary floral prolification of Nymphæa Lotus ('Gard. Chron.') 144

 66. Axillary floral prolification of Dianthus 146

 67. Proliferous rose 151

 68. Proliferous rose ('Gard. Chron.') 152

 69. Diagram of prolified orchid 153

 70. Diagram of prolified orchis 154

 71. Adventitious roots from petiole of celery 158

 72. Germinating plant of mango 159

 73, 74. Adventitious roots from leaves 160

 75. Hip of rose bearing leaf 162

 76. Leaves proceeding from the ovary of Nymphæa sp. 162

 77. Flower-stalk of dandelion, with leaves 163

 78. Tuft of leaves in place of flowers in Valeriana sp. 165

 79. Scale-bearing spikelets of Willdenovia 167

 80. "Rose Willow" 167

 81. Viviparous flowers of Aira vivipara 169

 82. Formation of shoot on leaf of Episcia bicolor 171

 83. Adventitious buds on root of sea-kale 172

 84, 85. Production of adventitious bulbs in hyacinth ('Gard. Chron.') 172

 86. Adventitious buds on hyacinth ('Gard. Chron ') 173

 87–92. Nepaul barley 174, 175

 93. Formation of buds on fruit of Opuntia 179

 94. Flower-bud in the pod of Sinapis 181

 94*, 95. Adventitious pod in silique of Cheiranthus 182

 96, 97. Grapes, with adventitious fruits in interior 183

 98. Stamens in ovary of Bæckea diosmifolia 184

 99. Pollen in ovule of passion flower (S. J. Salter) 185

 100. Female flowers at the summit of the inflorescence of Carex acuta 192

 101. Monœcious hop ('Gard. Chron.') 193

 102. Superior ovary, &c., of fuchsia 198

 103. Hermaphrodite flower of Carica 199

 104. Ovuliferous anthers of Cucurbita sp. 200

 105, 106. Prolonged inflorescence of fig 205

 107. Hollow turnip, with inverted leaves 206

 108. Normal flower of Gloxinia 207

 109. Regular peloria of Gloxinia 207

 110, 111. Structural details of erect Gloxinia 208

 112. Reflected corolla of azalea 209

 113, 114. Enlarged and erect placenta of Cuphea miniata (C. Morren) 210

 115. Dimorphic leaves of Juniperus sinensis 217

 116. Regular peloria of Delphinium 219

 117. Structural details of the preceding 219

 118. Regular peloria of violet 220

 119. Double-flowered regular violet 220

 120. Regular peloria of Eccremocarpus scaber 222

 121. Regular peloria of Cattleya 223

 122. Peloria of Calceolaria 230

 123. Peloric flower of Aristolochia 232

 124, 125. Peloric flowers of Corydalis 236

 126. Rose plantain 242

 127. Leafy bracts in Plantago major 243

 128. Leafy scales of Dahlia 244

 129. Leafy sepals of rose 246

 130. Leafy sepals of Fuchsia ('Gard. Chron.') 247

 131. Leafy calyx of primrose 248

 132. Leafy calyx of melon 248

 133. Leafy sepals and petals of Geranium 251

 134. Leafy stamens of Petunia 254

 135, 136. Leafy anthers of Jatropha (Müller) 255

 137. Proliferous rose, with leafy carpels, &c. (Bell Salter) 257

 138. Cucumber, with adventitious leaf attached (S. J. Salter) 258

 139. Leafy carpels in flower of Triumfetta 260

 140. Leafy ovules of Sinapis 264

 141, 142. Leafy ovules of Trifolium repens (Caspary) 265

 143. Portion of leafy carpel of Delphinium, with ovules (Cramer) 266

 144, 145. Enlarged view of section of leafy carpel, &c., of Delphinium (Cramer) 267

 146. Placentæ of Dianthus, bearing ovules and carpels ('Gard. Chron.') 268

 147. Ovules passing into carpels, Dianthus ('Gard. Chron.') 268

 148. Leafy shoot in place of ovule of Gaillardia 270

 149, 150. Leafy sepals, petals, &c., of Epilobium 273

 151. Leafy carpel of rose, with deformed ovules 274

 152. Flower of St. Valery apple 282

 153. Petaloid calyx of Mimulus 284

 154. Double stellate columbine 287

 155. Four-winged filaments of Rhododendron 290

 156. Diagram of malformed flower of Catasetum 291

 157. Petaloid stamen of Viola 292

 158. Double columbine 293

 159. Petaloid stamens of Hibiscus 293

 160. Displaced coloured leaf, &c., of tulip 302

 161. Supernumerary carpels in orange (Maout) 303

 162. Pistilloid stamens of poppy 304

 163. Pistilloid stamens of wallflower, &c. 306

 164. Passage of stamen to carpel in lily 307

 165. Transition of stamens to carpels, Sempervivum tectorum 309

 166. Ascidia of cabbage 312

 167. Stalked pitcher on lettuce leaf 313

 168. Tubular petal of Primula sinensis 315

 169. Spurs on flower of Calceolaria 316

 170. Contorted stem of Juncus 317

 171. Contorted branch of Cratægus 317

 172. Spirally-twisted stem of teazel 321

 173. Spirally-twisted stem Galium 323

 174. Spirally-twisted root ('Gard. Chron.') 324

 175. Interrupted growth of radish (American Agriculturist) 327

 176. Interrupted growth in apple 327

 177. Polymorphous leaves of lilac 331

 178. Adventitious growth on frond of Pteris quadriaurita 333

 179, 180. Coloured flower-stalks of feather hyacinth (C. Morren) 347, 348

 181. Multiplication of catkins, Corylus 349

 182. Branched inflorescence of broccoli ('Gard. Chron.') 351

 183, 184. Supernumerary leaf of elm 353, 354

 185. Supernumerary leaf of hazel 355

 186. Multiplication of parts of flower in a plum ('Gard. Chron.') 366

 187. Wheat-ear carnation 372

 188. Multiplication of bracts in Delphinium Consolida 373

 189. Multiplication of bracts in Pelargonium 373

 190. Double white lily 376

 191. Double flower of Campanula rotundifolia 378

 192. Diagram of usual arrangement of parts in Orchis (Darwin) 381

 193. Diagram of malformed flower of Ophrys aranifera 385

 194. Malformed flower of Ophrys aranifera 385

 195. Diagram of malformed flower of Orchis mascula (Cramer) 386

 196. Multiplication of carpels, Tulip 388

 197. Section of St. Valery apple 388

 198. Regular dimerous flower of Calanthe vestita 402

 199. Regular dimerous flower of Odontoglossum Alexandræ 402

 200. Hypertrophied branch of Pelargonium 418

 201. Tubers in the axils of leaves of the potato 420

 202. Hypertrophied pedicels of ash 421

 203, 204. Hypertrophy and elongation of flower-stalk, &c., in pears 422, 423

 205. Hypertrophied perianth, Cocos nucifera 428

 206. Elongation of flower-stalk, Ranunculus acris 436

 207. Linear leaf-lobes of parsley 438

 208. Passage of pinnate to palmate leaves in horse-chestnut 439

 209. Elongation of thalamus, apostasis, &c., in flower of Delphinium (Cramer) 441

 210. Adventitious growths from cabbage leaf 445

 211. Crested fronds of Nephrodium molle 447

 212. Supernumerary petals, &c., Datura fastuosa 450

 213. Supernumerary petaloid segments in flower of Gloxinia 451

 214. Catacorolla of Gloxinia (E. Morren) 452

 215. Atrophied leaves of cabbage 460

 216. Abortion of petals, pansy 461

 217. Flower of Oncidium abortivum 462

 218. Bladder plum 464