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ОглавлениеNobel Laureates
1910-1919
1910
Nobel Prize in Physics
Johannes Diderik van der Waals
Born November 23, 1837, in Leiden, Netherlands, and died March 8, 1923, in Amsterdam. For his work on the equation of state for gases and liquids.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Otto Wallach
Born March 27, 1847, in Königsberg, Germany, and died February 26, 1931, in Göttingen. In recognition of his services to organic chemistry and the chemical industry by his pioneer work in the field of alicyclic compounds.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Albrecht Kossel
Born September 16, 1853, in Rostock, Germany, and died July 5, 1927, in Heidelberg. In recognition of the contribution to our knowledge of cell chemistry made through his work on proteins, including the nucleic substances.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Paul Johann Ludwig Heyse
Born March 5, 1830, in Berlin, Germany, and died April 2, 1914, in Munich. As a tribute to the consummate artistry, permeated with idealism, which he has demonstrated during his long productive career as a lyric poet, dramatist, novelist and writer of world-renowned short stories.
Nobel Peace Prize
Permanent International Peace Bureau
Founded in 1891, in Bern, Switzerland. For facilitating communication between societies and peoples, collecting information on the peace movement and helping to prepare the Annual Peace Congress.
1911
Nobel Prize in Physics
Wilhelm Wien
Born January 13, 1864, in Gaffken, Germany, and died August 30, 1928, in Munich. For his discoveries regarding the laws governing the radiation of heat.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Marie Curie, née Maria Sklodowska
Born November 7, 1867, in Warsaw, Poland, and died July 4, 1934, in Savoy, France. In recognition of her services to the advancement of chemistry by the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Allvar Gullstrand
Born June 5, 1862, in Landskrona, Sweden, and died July 28, 1930, in Stockholm. For his work on the dioptrics of the eye.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Maurice Maeterlinck, pseudonym of Maurice Polidore Marie Bernhard Maeterlinck
Born August 29, 1862, in Ghent, Belgium, and died May 6, 1949, in Nice, France. In appreciation of his many-sided literary activities, and especially of his dramatic works, which are distinguished by a wealth of imagination and by a poetic fancy, which reveals, sometimes in the guise of a fairy tale, a deep inspiration, while in a mysterious way they appeal to the readers’ own feelings and stimulate their imaginations.
Nobel Peace Prize
Tobias Michael Carel Asser
Born April 28, 1838, in Amsterdam, Netherlands, and died July 29, 1913, in The Hague. Practical statesman and a pioneer of the legal regulation in international relations.
Alfred Hermann Fried
Born November 11, 1864, in Vienna, Austria, and died May 5, 1921, in Vienna. Author of literary works, which have eventually made him the greatest pacifist of the last 20 years.
1912
Nobel Prize in Physics
Nils Gustaf Dalén
Born November 30, 1869, in Stenstorp, Sweden, and died December 9, 1937, in Lidingö.For his invention of automatic regulators for use in conjunction with gas accumulators for illuminating lighthouses and buoys.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Victor Grignard
Born May 6, 1871, in Cherbourg, France, and died December 13, 1935, in Lyon.For the discovery of the so-called Grignard reagent, which in recent years has greatly advanced the progress of organic chemistry.
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Paul Sabatier
Born November 5, 1854, in Carcassonne, France, and died August 14, 1941, in Toulouse.For his method of hydrogenating organic compounds in the presence of finely disintegrated metals whereby the progress of organic chemistry has been greatly advanced in recent years.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Alexis Carrel
Born June 28, 1873, in Sainte-Foy-lès-Lyon, France, and died November 5, 1944, in Paris. In recognition of his work on vascular suture and the transplantation of blood vessels and organs.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Gerhart Johann Robert Hauptmann
Born November 15, 1862, in Bad Obersalzbrunn, Germany, and died June 6, 1946, in Agnetendorf. Primarily in recognition of his fruitful, varied and outstanding production in the realm of dramatic art.
Nobel Peace Prize
Elihu Root
Born February 15, 1845, in Clinton, New York, United States, and died February 7, 1937, in New York.A man of engaging personality who has tried, with determination and independence, to put his ideals into practice.
1913
Nobel Prize in Physics
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
Born September 21, 1853, in Groningen, Netherlands, and died February 21, 1926, in Leiden, Germany. For his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia, to the production of liquid helium.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Alfred Werner
Born December 12, 1866, in Mülhausen, Germany (now France), and died November 15, 1919, in Zurich,Switzerland. In recognition of his work on the linkage of atoms in molecules by which he has thrown new light on earlier investigations and opened up new fields of research especially in inorganic chemistry.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Charles Richet
Born August 25, 1850, in Paris, France, and died December 4, 1835, in Paris. In recognition of his work on anaphylaxis.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Ravindranatha Thakur, pseudonym of Rabindranath Tagore
Born May 7, 1861, in Calcutta, India, and died August 7, 1941, in Calcutta. Because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West.
Nobel Peace Prize
Henri La Fontaine
Born April 22, 1854, in Brussels, Belgium, and died May 14, 1943, in Brussels. For his efforts to establish and follow the principles of international understanding and cooperation among men.
1914
Nobel Prize in Physics
Max von Laue
Born October 9, 1879, in Pfaffendorf, Germany, and died April 24, 1960, in Berlin. For his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Theodore William Richards
Born January 31, 1868, in Germantown, Pennsylvania, United States, and died April 2, 1928, in Cambridge, Massachusetts.In recognition of his accurate determinations of the atomic weight of a large number of chemical elements.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Robert Bárány
Born April 22, 1876, in Vienna, Austria, and died April 8, 1936, in Uppsala, Sweden.For his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Not awarded.
Nobel Peace Prize
Not awarded.
1915
Nobel Prize in Physics
Sir William Henry Bragg
Born July 2, 1862, in Westward, England, and died March 10, 1942, in London.
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Sir William Lawrence Bragg
Born March 31, 1890, in Adelaide, Australia, and died July 1, 1971, in Ipswich, England. For their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Richard Martin Willstätter
Born August 13, 1872, in Karlsruhe, Germany, and died August 3, 1942, in Locarno, Switzerland.For his researches on plant pigments, especially chlorophyll.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Not awarded.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Romain Rolland
Born January 29, 1866, in Clamecy, France, and died December 30, 1944, in Vézelay. As a tribute to the lofty idealism of his literary production and to the sympathy and love of truth with which he has described different types of human beings.
Nobel Peace Prize
Not awarded.
1916
Nobel Prize in Physics
Not awarded.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Not awarded.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Not awarded.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam
In recognition of his significance as the leading representative of a new era in our literature.
Nobel Peace Prize
Not awarded.
1917
Nobel Prize in Physics
Charles Glover Barkla
Born June 7, 1877, in Widnes, England, and died October 23, 1944, in Braidwood, Scotland. For his discovery of the characteristic Röntgen radiation of the elements.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Not awarded.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Paul Ehrlich
Born March 14, 1854, in Strehlen, Germany, and died August 20, 1915, in Bad Homburg.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Henrik Pontoppidan
Born June 2, 1857, in Praestö, Denmark, and died October 11, 1919, in Klotzsche, Germany.For his varied and rich poetry, which is inspired by lofty ideals.
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Karl Adolph Gjellerup
Born July 24, 1857, in Fredericia, Demark, and died August 21, 1943, in Charlottenlund. For his authentic descriptions of present-day life in Denmark.
Nobel Peace Prize
International Committee of the Red Cross
Founded in 1863, in Geneva, Switzerland. The only Nobel Peace Prize to be attributed during World War I, for the help given to prisoners of war, by serving as an intermediary between them and the countries that captured them, and for sending delegates to inspect the camps.
1918
Nobel Prize in Physics
Max Planck
Born April 23, 1858, in Kiel, Germany, and died October 3, 1947, in Göttingen. In recognition of the services he rendered to the advancement of physics by his discovery of energy quanta.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Fritz Haber
Born December 9, 1868, in Breslau, Germany, and died January 29, 1934, in Basel, Switzerland. For the synthesis of ammonia from its elements.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Not awarded.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Awarded to Erik Axel Karlfeldt who refused it.
Born July 20, 1864, in Folkarna, Sweden, and died April 8, 1931, in Stockholm. He turned down the prize to dedicate himself to academy matters as a member and secretary from 1904 until the date of his death.
Nobel Peace Prize
Not awarded.
1919
Nobel Prize in Physics
Johannes Stark
Born April 15, 1874, in Schickenhof, Germany, and died June 21, 1957, in Traunstein. For his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Not awarded.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Jules Bordet
Born June 13, 1870, in Soignies, Belgium, and died April 6, 1961, in Brussels. For his discoveries relating to immunity.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Carl Friedrich Georg Spitteler
Born April 24, 1845, in Liestal, Switzerland, and died December 29, 1924, in Lucerne, Switzerland. In special appreciation of his epic Olympian Spring.
Nobel Peace Prize
Thomas Woodrow Wilson
Born December 28, 1856, in Staunton, Virginia, United States, and died February 3, 1924, in Washington, DC. Attempts to negotiate peace, with special reference to his speech “Fourteen Points” aimed at achieving a lasting peace after World War I, and which would be fundamental in establishing the League of Nations.
