Читать книгу Intelligent Security Management and Control in the IoT - Mohamed-Aymen Chalouf - Страница 39

Many operators worldwide chose the NB-IoT standard from when it was standardized in 2016. Indeed, its properties, inherent to cellular technologies such as flexibility, adaptability, “over-the-air” service updates and cost containment, have of the three main pillars of 5G, that is the massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) (3GPP 2018a; Narayanan et al. 2018). In fact, accelerated adoption of this standard. According to a study by GSMA Intelligence, the total number of cellular IoT connections should reach 3.5 billion by 2025 (GSMA 2020). According to the same study, 94 commercial NB-IoT networks were listed in 2020. These latter are mainly located in China, where the standard is promised by the manufacturer Huawei. In Europe, Vodafone is the main operator promoting this standard in France, the operator SFR has integrated NB-IoT to its provision since last year.

This adoption of NB-IoT, by operators on the one hand and by manufacturers on the other, has occasioned many applications (Huawei 2017; Ray 2017), particularly in the Industry 4.0 domains, smart measurements, connected cities, monitoring and surveillance, smart agriculture and connected farms, or health.