Читать книгу A History of China - Morris Rossabi - Страница 13

I studied the Chinese language when the Wade-Giles system of Romanization was standard. Around 1980, books and articles about China started to use the pinyin system, although a few stayed with Wade-Giles. I am not entirely satisfied with the pinyin scheme, but I have used it for the convenience of the reader because nearly all publications he or she will encounter will employ it.

I have eschewed diacritical marks, with the exception of the umlaut, for all Arabic, Iranian, and Turkic terms and names.

I have adopted Antoine Mostaert’s scheme for the transliteration of Mongolian, as modified by Francis W. Cleaves, except for these deviations:

 č is ch

 γ is gh

 ĵ is j

 q is kh

 š is sh

Chinese place their surnames first and their personal names after their surnames.