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3
Six Spy Stories, or The Amazing Adventures of Ribbentrop in Russia
Story three
About an English agent
ОглавлениеThis story is of particular interest because its main character was a regular German diplomat which, however, did not stop him from working for English intelligence. Our character was called Wolfgang zu Putlitz. He came from an ancient and noble family, did his military service in the Kaiser's army and after Germany's defeat in the First World War he became a diplomat. His well-known surname and connections helped him take the post of Head of the Consular Department in the German embassy in London in 1936.[139] And it seems like he was recruited. Why 'seems'? Because in his memoirs, Putlitz, being a man of sound judgement, does not say anything specific about his connections with English intelligence.[140] He tells his readers about his 'friendship' with the English. Yet the results of this friendship are so telling that there can be no doubt about the nature of this relationship.
The German diplomat writes about many interesting things. For example, just before the beginning of the Second World War, he is appointed at the German mission in Holland. Being a German diplomat, he is commissioned to… get a large batch of oil and other strategic raw materials to the Reich. It did not have time to get through the German-Dutch border before Germany's attack against Poland and was blocked. Where are the raw materials from? They are from England.[141] As an English agent, Putlitz is trying to do the opposite and prevent the Nazis from getting a single drop of the oil. And he writes a letter to… the English intelligence centre (as he does not admit to being an agent, he just 'sends them a letter'!). How does he know the address? 'Everyone in the Hague knew that the British intelligence centre was located in the passport agency of the British consulate in Scheveningen, and that it was headed by a certain Captain Stevens'[142], says Putlitz in his memoirs.
Is this not charming? Everyone knew. All the boys and every single old lady. It is just over there, the English intelligence centre. Maybe there was even a sign? For convenience. But let us put all jokes aside. As you may have the future. Therefore, nothing bad was to be written about the Nazis. Nothing guessed already, as a result, the oil successfully got through to Germany with the help of employees from the Shell company. And as for Putlitz himself, the English 'suddenly' decided to bring him over to Britain so that he would not hinder strategic supplies to Germans. And yet, Putlitz says that he was not an agent but just 'friends' with some English people. I would like to draw your attention to the way they were going to bring him over. Putlitz's 'friend', Lord Vansittart, said,[143] 'If it is necessary, I will send a British torpedo boat to Scheveningen to bring Putlitz. But it would be better if Stevens could find an aeroplane in Holland'[144].
The Second World War had begun. The British fleet had been placed in operational readiness and was about to start battle operations. And Lord Vansittart was ready to send a torpedo boat for his friend. Did military vessels really have nothing more important to do? Did the English have so many torpedo boats that any lord could send one of them anywhere during a war 'to get a friend of his'? And did the head of the English Intelligence Department, Captain Stevens, really have nothing else to do except look for a plane for someone who had simply written a note to him?
We will have no questions left if we read the episode where Putlitz describes the way he was met in England. What is more, we will be convinced that Putlitz had provided the English with rather important information. We do not know what information exactly, but, obviously, rather sensitive. You can judge for yourself. Putlitz flew to Britain on a plane which had been found for him by British intelligence in Holland. The man who was meeting him shook his hand and said, 'Your arrival has been the most promising event in the whole war so far'. Quite some appreciation. 'No customs formalities were complied with; no one even looked at our passports'[145], says Putlitz about the meeting. Indeed, why trouble oneself with formalities? There is no point in them. Why check passports of any passengers flying from Holland? Yes, Great Britain had joined a world war, and what? Yes, Holland has borders with Germany, and what? It does not really matter that the tulip country is neutral and the Germans freely move around it.
After having a glass of champagne to celebrate the successful arrival of the escaped German diplomat… he was offered British citizenship.[146] Whereas, according to the martial law, every citizen of the country which is in a war with Britain has to be interned until the end of the war. Put simply, citizens of the enemy state are sent to a concentration camp until the end of the war.[147] This is unpleasant but necessary to prevent espionage and sabotage. And on this occasion a German citizen is offered to become British. Simply out of kindness, of course, out of friendship. But noble zu Putlitz refuses to become a British citizen. After this, he is not arrested either, and he can freely travel around the country. Lord Vansinttart even invites him over to his villa.
Then Putlitz leaves Britain and goes to the USA. When four years later, on 6th January 1945 (apparently, after accomplishing another task for English intelligence) Putlitz was coming off the boat in Liverpool, things were even funnier. And even more telling. There someone to meet him again. The same person as in 1939, actually. There was a hand-shake again. And extraordinary negligence' again, 'He had papers that allowed me to go ashore without being searched'[148]. The reaction of an ordinary English customs officer at the sight of all these miracles is the best illustration of the situation: 'Casting a suspicious look at me, the immigration officer mumbled, And I thought we were fighting Germans!"[149]
…In 1948 Wolfgang zu Putlitz did decide to take British citizenship and got a British passport within three weeks. I do not know what exactly he did for Britain but his story is perfect evidence of the fact that there were English agents in the German Foreign Ministry, who were rather successful. And therefore they were quite generously rewarded if they remained alive. Here, of course, you can ask where these agents come from. What can I say? Money had always been the best key to a human heart. Do you really think that all the so-called progressive journalists, all those pseudo-human rights activists and all those dissidents sincerely believe in democracy in Washington and London FOR NOTHING?
…Germany was plunged into famine and poverty in November 1918. Darkness and horror covered the country. As many as 21 years are left until 1939. An agent would be helped to go up the career ladder (the West conveniently had full control over 'democracy' in the Weimar republic); he was assisted and provided with money. And this agent, who may have done nothing of importance for London before 1939, could change history completely. Had the Fuhrer's envoy flown to London instead of Moscow in 1939, all the expenses on the part of the agent and the patience of his bosses would have been worth it. Who knows, maybe it was actually Putlitz himself? Maybe he made an attempt, which did not work out, but survived?
Yet, the story of strange and amazing things happening while such a disliked non-aggression treaty was being signed does not end here. The English would never have become a great nation if they had given up after the first failure. Yes, Hitler did receive Stalin's letter and cancelled Goering's flight to London.[150] Is that it? No. We will give it another try. What if Ribbentrop's aircraft does not make it to Moscow?
139
We will mention in passing what the author of the memoirs said about England's attitude towards the Reich: '…In England there was no sign of negative or hostile feeling towards the Third Reich. On the contrary, the press did its best to avoid what the Nazis called 'stigmatisation. The only exception was the communist newspaper 'Daily Worker' which was, however, impossible to buy at any stand… The Brown Book of the Reichstag Fire and other anti-Nazi books were normally only sold under the counter and could not be seen in big book shops.' (Putlitz W. G. Unterwegs nach Deutschland. Erinnerungen eines ehemaligen Diplomaten. – Berlin (Ost): Verlag der Nation, 1958). At the time Hitler was the favourite and the most promising project of the English who was expected to attack Russia in was written, nothing was sold. Freedom of speech in operation. There were no books on Hitler's crimes but in the same year, 1936, the Anglo-German Fellowship was founded in London. Its only task was to spread the ideas of friendship and cooperation with the Third Reich among the English public. Such organisations do not appear on their own without being sanctioned by government. Just look at it, is this not interesting? When there was no Hitler, there were no ideas of friendship and cooperation with Germany, and once Hitler came to power the British authorities became eager to be friends with Germany.
140
In the history of recruiting Soviet spies by foreign special services, in the majority of cases it happened abroad, where the Soviet spies were working under a diplomatic or a different type of cover. One of the most famous examples – Suvorov-Rezun, who got into a honey trap. Typical.
141
http://militera.lib.ru/memo/german/putHts_vg/03.html – Original: Putlitz W. G. Unterwegs nach Deutschland. Erinnerungen eines ehemaligen Diplomaten. – Berlin (Ost): Verlag der Nation, 1958.
142
Ibid. P. 260.
143
Lord Vansittart was the Permanent Under-Secretary at the Foreign Office.
144
Putlitz W. G. Unterwegs nach Deutschland. Erinnerungen eines ehemaligen Diplomaten. – Berlin (Ost): Verlag der Nation, 1958.
145
Putlitz W. G. Unterwegs nach Deutschland. Erinnerungen eines ehemaligen Diplomaten. – Berlin (Ost): Verlag der Nation, 1958.
146
Ibid.
147
The USA went even further than that. At the beginning of the war with Japan, the Americans imprisoned not only Japanese citizens but even American citizens of Japanese origin. And they kept them in jail until the autumn of 1945, that is until the very end of the Second World War.
148
Putlitz W. G. Unterwegs nach Deutschland. Erinnerungen eines ehemaligen Diplomaten. – Berlin (Ost): Verlag der Nation, 1958.
149
Ibid.
150
While Ribbentrop was in prison during the Nuremberg Trials, as a result of which he would be hanged, he managed to write some memoirs. Speaking about his trip to Moscow, he wrote the following: 'At first, I suggested sending another authorised representative to Moscow, and the first person I thought of was Goering'. (Ribbentrop J. Ribbentrop memoirs. London : Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1953). This very interesting evidence tells us several things. Firstly, Goering indeed was ready to depart at any moment, and secondly, that Hitler decided to keep him for the negotiations in Great Britain. The circumstances could have rapidly changed.