Читать книгу The Podcaster's Dilemma - Nolan Higdon - Страница 7

Our review of the scholarship revealed that podcasting holds an important place in the long and well-documented history of radio.¹⁵ This is particularly clear in the work of Gretchen King, who applied a “de-westernizing and internalizing” framework for mapping the historical evolution of the global community’s radio projects from the early 1900s to the present. King organized her research into four stages: the experimental stage (1900s–1940s); the wildfire stage (1950s–1960s); the solidarity stage (1970s–1980s); and the resurgence stage (1990s to the present).¹⁶ King’s experimental stage features the early days of radio broadcasting history, when individuals who experimented with community-based broadcasting contested statal (or military) and commercial domination over the airwaves.¹⁷ The wildfire stage covers the rise of unlicensed, clandestine political radio.¹⁸ The solidarity phase is characterized by the growth of community radio associations “that shared resources, built up sector capacity, and collaborated in policy advocacy initiatives at the regional and national level.”¹⁹ The resurgence phase sees the return of both licensed and pirate community radio, in a direct response to neoliberal budget policies.²⁰