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A term with two definitions: one for propagation and the other for what a plant naturally does as it emerges from the cold of winter.

Technically speaking, budding is a form of propagation (specifically asexual plant reproduction) in which new plant material forms from buds from a parent plant. One would use budding versus other means of propagation when, for instance, you have a tree which does not naturally produce a good root system. You start with a liner or “baby” plant of a compatible tree (which produces a good root system) and slice a “T” into its bark. This type of liner is known as an understock. You then cut out a bud from the desired tree (with the weak root system) and insert it into the “T.” That bud will mesh and bond with the liner and the new tree will grow from the bud, having a good root system supplied by the understock, with the trunk upward being the tree with other desirable characteristics intact. You are basically making one tree out of two!

As a common term in the garden, budding can be the first sign of spring as leaves, flowers and branches surrounded by bud scales (protective covering) begin to plump as the weather warms. When the plant breaks dormancy, the buds scales (or shells) fall off, allowing the flowers, leaves or stems to emerge. You will also hear the term “bud break” used when plants start to grow in the new season.

Ohio buckeye at bud break