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Chronology of Japanese History

Jōmon period, ca. 10500–300 BCE

Yayoi period, 300 BCE–300 CE

Kofun (Tumulus) period, 300–552

Asuka period, 552–645

Early Nara (Hakuhō) period, 645–710

Nara period, 710–794

Heian period, 794–1185

Kamakura period, 1185–1336

Nanbokuchō period, 1336–1392

Muromachi period, 1392–1568

Momoyama period, 1568–1615

Edo (Tokugawa) period, 1615–1868

Meiji period, 1868–1912

Taishō period, 1912–1926

Shōwa period, 1926–1989

Heisei period, 1989–

Notes on Japanese Word and Name Usage

Japanese proper names are listed in traditional order throughout the text, with surnames preceding given names, without commas separating names. References to publications by Japanese authors writing in English and contemporary Japanese individuals active in the West, who prefer to have their names listed Western style, are provided with surnames following given names, or surnames listed first and separated by commas from given names, as per standard Western nomenclature. Following customary usage, pre-modern individuals are referred to by their given names and those of the modern and contemporary eras (those born after 1868) by their surnames.