Читать книгу The Handyman's Book of Tools, Materials, and Processes Employed in Woodworking - Paul N. Hasluck - Страница 62

To remove the iron, the stock should be grasped by the left hand, with the thumb on the inside of the mouth, as shown by Fig. 158. The back of the plane may be rested against the body, whilst the front of the tool is gently knocked with the hammer (or mallet, by preference), which will loosen the wedge, and enable the iron to be withdrawn. Another method is to knock the front of it with face upwards smartly on the bench while holding wedge and iron in the left hand; one blow is generally enough. The iron, it will now be observed, consists in reality of two parts; the cutting iron is faced with good steel (see Figs. 159 and 160), and the back is of iron. Badger jack planes have irons as in Figs. 161 and 162. The back iron (see Figs. 160 and 162) screw fastens the irons tightly together, and it is for the purpose of regulating the thickness of shavings, as will be explained in a separate paragraph. To take the irons apart, place the wedge upon the bench, as at A (Fig. 163), and lay the iron screw uppermost upon it. Now loosen the screw with a screwdriver (do not take it out), and slide the back iron up until the head of screw will pass out at the hole made for the purpose. The unscrewing of a plane iron with a long driver is illustrated by Fig. 164. Sometimes a large screwdriver and a small hammer are required for unscrewing the iron and setting the plane; but by a few minutes’ work on the grind-stone, the flat pene of a hammer can easily be ground so that it will serve as a screwdriver, thus answering both purposes. When the iron has been sharpened (see pp. 54 and 55), screw on the back iron in the same manner that it was taken off (see Fig. 163), and place it in the groove or mouth of the plane, keeping it in position with the thumb of the left hand, the fingers grasping the face, as at Fig. 158. Now insert the wedge, and lightly tap it with the hammer. Place the end of the plane upon the bench, and draw the top towards the worker; now look down the face in the direction of the arrow, and the iron should be seen projecting about 1/16 in. Should it be more, gently tap the head of the plane, again driving in the wedge tightly. The tool is now ready for use. The two irons should be screwed perfectly tight (see Fig. 165); if they are left as in Fig. 166 the plane will choke and no longer work. If the back iron is too close to the mouth of the plane, chattering may occur; to remedy it, slightly ease the front part of the mouth with a sharp chisel, to allow the shavings to pass through. Chattering may be caused by the back iron not fitting close to the cutting iron, when shavings will get in and cause it to jump (see also p. 51).

Fig. 158.—Knocking out Iron of Jack Plane.

Fig. 159.—Cutting Iron.

Fig. 160.—Cutting and Back Irons.

Fig. 161.—Badger Cutting Iron.

Fig. 162.—Badger Cutting and Back Irons.

Fig. 163.—Unscrewing Plane Irons with Special Tools.