Читать книгу Environment and Society - Paul Robbins - Страница 85

Proponents of the “Tragedy of the Commons” suggest attempting to “enclose,” privatize, or make exclusive the rights to access and use what had been freely or openly available resources. Sometimes this is difficult owing to the physical character of the resource, like a large shared open pasture or a cache of electronic information available to anyone on the web. Technology can sometimes be used to help limit access to commons and make it easier to distribute property rights, as barbed wire fences did by cheaply dividing up the vast cattle pastures of the US West in the nineteenth century. Describe three resources that have been made more divisible by use of new inventions and technologies. What resources continue to elude technological solutions to enforcing property rights?