Читать книгу Solid State Physics - Philip Hofmann - Страница 30

Our discussion has been confined to the case of elastic scattering. In real experiments, however, the X‐rays or particles can also lose energy during the scattering events. This can be described formally by considering the diffraction from a structure that does not consist of atoms or ions at fixed positions but is time‐dependent, that is, which fluctuates with the frequencies of the atomic vibrations. We cannot go into the details of inelastic scattering processes here, but it is important to emphasize that inelastic scattering, in particular of neutrons, can be used to measure the vibrational properties of a lattice.