Читать книгу Practical Weekend Projects for Woodworkers - Phillip Gardner - Страница 13

A plane is needed to smooth the rough surface left by the saw, and also to prepare boards for jointing. Planes are maybe the most difficult hand tools for the novice to master. A common misconception about planes is that you can buy one, sharpen it, and then achieve the silky-smooth finish of the cabinetmaker in moments. You can’t. The plane is a precision tool made of finely calculated components, but to achieve the accuracy and ease of use you require, it will need even further refining. When a plane is made, the casting will be machined flat, but it is never truly flat. The blade also will have imperfections and will need polishing. These defects should be corrected and adjusted before any plane is used.

Planes and scrapers: 1 jack plane, 2 flat cabinet scraper, 3 shoulder plane, 4 smoothing plane, 5 gooseneck cabinet scraper, 6 spokeshave, 7 block plane

There are several basic types of plane. The jack plane, available in two widths, is used for achieving a flat, level surface quickly. The smoother, or smoothing plane, is a shorter version of a jack plane and is good for general use; buy one of these when you start working in hardwoods. The block plane is a small and incredibly useful item; the angle of the blade is shallower than other planes and this tool is essential for planing end grain.

The shoulder plane is good for cleaning up the shoulders of tenons. A spokeshave—used for shaping surfaces—is a tricky tool to use, and is unnecessary if you are planning to buy an electric belt sander.

Two cabinet scrapers are shown in the photograph below—flat and gooseneck. These are superb woodworking tools, essential for hardwoods, but they are quite difficult for the novice to sharpen, until suddenly one day, almost as if by magic, you get the hang of it.

Clamps: 1 bar clamp, 2 speed clamp, 3 webbing clamp, 4 F- and G-clamps