Читать книгу NoNonsense ISIS and Syria - Phyllis Bennis - Страница 7
ОглавлениеContents
Introduction
1 ISIS
How did the 2003 invasion of Iraq affect the growth of ISIS?
Who is Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi and what was his role in the rise of ISIS?
Did the US troop surge in 2008 diminish sectarian fighting?
How did ISIS begin to expand beyond Iraq?
Is there any precedent for the barbaric violence perpetrated by ISIS?
What are the motives and root causes underlying the ISIS tactic of public execution?
What is Wahhabism? Why is it relevant to understanding ISIS?
Did ISIS emerge because Obama pulled troops out of Iraq?
Where does ISIS get its money from?
How does ISIS treat women and what is the role of women within the organization?
How did ISIS suddenly become so powerful? Why didn’t anyone see it coming?
Is the typical ISIS fighter a Muslim of Middle Eastern descent?
2 The global war on terror
What is the ‘global war on terror’?
What is terrorism?
What are the implications of the world’s inability to agree on a definition of terrorism?
How did the fight against al-Qaeda in Afghanistan shift to Iraq?
What were the consequences of the overthrow of Saddam Hussein?
3 The new global war on terror
What were the origins of the ‘new’ global war on terror?
How did the overthrow of Qadafi in Libya lead to ongoing conflict there?
What was the significance of the fall of Mosul?
How effective have the Obama administration’s strategies been in this new war?
What was behind the US decision to escalate its direct military involvement in Middle East conflicts in 2014?
How did the US justify its return of troops to Syria and Iraq?
Have US airstrikes stemmed the growth of ISIS and al-Qaeda?
Are drones playing a different role in this war than they did during the Bush years?
What are the pros and cons of using drones versus troops on the ground?
How has Obama expanded the drone war?
What are the immediate effects of the drone war?
4 The Syrian war in the global war on terror
What is the war in Syria all about?
The civil war in Syria seems so complicated – is it really just one war?
What was the story behind the chemical weapons attack that led President Obama to threaten to bomb Syria in 2013?
Why didn’t the US attack Syria over the chemical weapons issue in 2013?
Did the US start bombing Syria in August 2014 to save the Yazidis stranded on Mount Sinjar?
Who are the ‘moderates’ in Syria?
Who are the key forces within the Syrian conflict?
Wasn’t the original Syrian opposition a nonviolent movement? What happened to it?
How successful has US involvement in the Syrian war been?
5 The Arab Spring
What was the Arab Spring all about?
Why did the US and NATO launch an air war in Libya to overthrow Qadafi?
What was the impact of the regime change in Libya?
Where are all the weapons in the region, especially in Iraq and Syria, coming from?
6 In the region and the world
Why do so many Middle Eastern governments and opposition movements use religion to justify violence?
What is the Sunni-Shi’a split in the region all about?
Is this conflict just an intractable war between two Islamic sects intent on imposing their beliefs on the populace?
Where does Saudi Arabia fit in?
What are the consequences of the Syrian war across the region?
What is the European refugee crisis all about?
What is Iran’s role in the US global war on terror?
What role does oil play in all this?
What do the Kurds have to do with the current war in Iraq and Syria?
What role is the United Nations playing, and what more is needed?
Obama planned to withdraw almost all US troops from Afghanistan by 2017 – why did he change his mind?
What was the significance of the US bombing of the Doctors Without Borders hospital in Afghanistan?
What does all of this have to do with Palestine and Israel?
7 Looking forward
Isn’t military force necessary against such a violent force as ISIS? What are the alternatives to war with ISIS?
What can people – separate from governments – do to help end the wars and support movements for freedom and liberation in the Middle East?
Resources
