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2.4.3 Typical Scenarios

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The SYNDEM grid architecture is scalable and can be applied to power systems at different scales, from single‐node systems to million‐node systems.

When there is a need, small‐scale systems can be connected together, through a device called an energy bridge. Depending on the need, an energy bridge can be simply a circuit breaker, a transformer, a back‐to‐back power electronic converter, or their combination. Its main function is to connect and isolate two circuits. Its secondary functions may include protection, voltage conversion, and/or frequency conversion. If it is a back‐to‐back power electronic converter, then both sides can be operated as a VSM. If a part of the system is faulty, then it can be disconnected to isolate the faulty part of the system; after the fault is cleared, it can be re‐connected. Hence, while the SYNDEM grid architecture allows small‐scale grids to merge and form large‐scale grids, it also naturally allows large grids to break into small ones, making future power systems self‐organizable and autonomous.

Some typical scenarios of SYNDEM smart grids are outlined below.

Power Electronics-Enabled Autonomous Power Systems

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