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Ramon Reyes Lala. The Philippine Islands
The Philippine Islands
Table of Contents
Illustrations
Introduction
Preface
Early History of the Islands
Discovery and Conquest
Adventures of Juan Sebastian Elcano
Legaspi, the First Governor-General
Li-ma-hong, the Chinese Pirate
The Dutch Appear upon the Scene
The Japanese, and the Martyred Saints
The British Occupation
General Draper’s Expedition
The British Demand an Indemnity
Intrigues Against the British
The Spanish Colonial Government
The Encomiendoros and the Alcaldes
The Present Division and Administration
The Taxes and What Became of Them
Dilatory and Abortive Courts
A New Yorker’s Experience
The Church in the Colony
Priesthood and the People
Conflicts Between Church and State
Clashings among the Friars
The Monks Opposed to Reform
The Various Tribes of the Philippines
Character of the Natives
A Native Wedding
Dress and Manners
The Half-breeds, or Mestizos
Savage Tribes in the Interior: Aetas, or Negritos
The Gaddanes
The Igorrotes
The Igorrote-Chinese
The Tinguianes
The Chinese: Hated but Indispensable
The Mohammedans of Sulu
Cross or Crescent?
The Sultan’s State
The Dreaded Juramentados
The Extent of Mohammedan Rule
Sulu Customs
Manila
The Old City
Binondo and the Suburbs
Educational and Charitable Institutions
The Cathedral and the Governor-General’s Palace
The Beautiful Luneta: the Sea-boulevard
Other Important Cities and Towns
Iloilo, Capital of the Province of Panay
Cebú: a Mecca for Many Filipinos
General Topography of the Islands
Natural Beauty of the Archipelago
A Botanist’s Paradise
A Diadem of Island Gems
The Magnificence of Tropical Scenery
The Promise of the Future
A Village Feast
The Morning Ceremonies
How the Afternoon is Spent
The Evening Procession
The Entertainment at Home
The Moro-Moro, and the Fireworks
History of Commerce in the Philippines
The Spanish Policy
The Treasure-galleons
Disasters to Spanish Commerce
Other Nations Enter Into Competition
Fraud and Speculation
The Merchants of Cádiz
Royal Restrictions on Trade
Commerce During the Present Century
The Royal Company
The Restrictions Are Gradually Abolished
Vexatious Duties on Foreign Imports
Duties Made Uniform
Spanish Opposition to Foreign Trade
Trade with the Natives
The Decline of American Trade
Recent Measures and Statistics
Bad Result of Spanish Rule
Agriculture: The Sugar and Rice Crops
Agriculture—The Chief Industry
The Principal Products of the Colony
The Cultivation of Sugar-cane
Methods of Manufacturing Sugar
The Several Systems of Labor
The Rice Crop
Methods of Rice-cultivation
Primitive Machines, and Importance of the Rice Crop
The Hemp Plant and Its Uses
Description of the Abacá
The Process of Manufacture
Some Facts about Hemp-growing
Difficulties with Native Labor
Tricks of the Natives
Competition with Other Lands
Experience of a Planter
What the Hemp Is Used For
Culture and Use of Tobacco
The Cultivation of Tobacco, a State Monopoly
Oppressive Conditions in Luzon
How Speculators Take Advantage of the Natives
The Quality of Manila Tobacco
Methods of Preparing the Tobacco Leaf
Smoking, a Universal Habit
The Cultivation of Coffee
The Origin of the Industry
Indifference of Coffee-planters
Speculation in Coffee
Methods of Cultivation
Harsh Methods of the Government
Betel Nut, Grain, and Fruit-Growing
The Areca Palm and the Betel Nut
The Nipa Palm and Nipa Wine
Various Fruits of the Islands
Cereals and Vegetables
Cotton and Indigo-planting
The Cocoa Industry
The Traffic in Birds’ Nests
Useful Woods and Plants
The Huge Forests
The Bamboo Plant and its Uses
The Bejuco Rope
The Useful Cocoanut Palm
Oppressive Regulations of the Government
The Early Missionaries Beneficial to the Natives
Mineral Wealth of the Islands
Early Search for Gold
The Mining Laws and Methods of the Colony
Where the Precious Metal is Found
The Whole Country a Virgin Mine
Precious Stones and Iron
Peculiar Methods of Mining Copper
Other Minerals and the Coal-fields
Animal Life in the Colony
The Useful Buffalo, and Other Domestic Animals
Reptiles, Bats, and Insects
A Field for the Sportsman
The Locust Scourge
The Chief Nuisances: Mosquitoes and Ants
Struggle of the Filipinos for Liberty
Early Insurrections Against the Spaniards
The Burgos Revolt
The Present Rebellion
The Katipunan
The Black Hole of Manila
The Forbearance of the Natives
The Rebel Army
The Tagal Republic Proclaimed
Treachery of the Spaniards
Dr. José Rizal and His Wife, Josephine
Execution of Rizal. The Philippine Joan of Arc
Rizal’s Farewell Poem
My Last Thought
Aguinaldo Confers with Admiral Dewey
Aguinaldo as Dictator: His Proclamations
Triumphant Progress of the Rebels
The Spaniards Fortify Manila
Sketch of Aguinaldo
Dewey at Manila
The White Squadron
Declaration of War, and Journey to the Philippines
Luzon Sighted, and Preparations for Battle
The Fleet Sails by Corregidor
First Shot of the War
The Spanish Fleet is Sighted
Dewey Attacks the Enemy
The Fate of the Reina Cristina
The Commodore Pipes All Hands to Breakfast
The Americans Renew the Battle
The Yankees Are Victorious
The American Occupation
Merritt, and the Expedition
The Battle of Malate
Capture of Manila
Capitulation of the Philippines
Awaiting the Peace Commission
