| Annals of Congress | Annals of Congress (1st Congress, 1st Session 1789) |
| Bickel | Alexander M. Bickel, “The Original Understanding and the Segregation Decision,” 69 Harvard Law Review 1 (1955) |
| Donald, Sumner I | David Donald, Charles Sumner and the Coming of the Civil War (1960) |
| Donald, Sumner II | David Donald, Charles Sumner and the Rights of Man (1970) |
| Elliot | Jonathan Elliot, Debates in the Several State Conventions on the Adoption of the Federal Constitution (2d ed. 1836) |
| Fairman, History | Charles Fairman, Reconstruction and Reunion 1864–1888, vol. 6, part 1 of History of the Supreme Court of the United States (1971) |
| Fairman, Stanford | Charles Fairman, “Does the Fourteenth Amendment Incorporate the Bill of Rights?,” 2 Stanford Law Review 5 (1949) |
| Farrand | Max Farrand, The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787 (1911) |
| Federalist | The Federalist (Modern Library ed. 1937) |
| Flack | Horace Flack, The Adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment (1908) |
| Globe | Congressional Globe (39th Congress, 1st Session 1866) |
| Globe App. | Appendix to Globe |
| Graham | Howard Jay Graham, Everyman’s Constitution (1968) |
| James | Joseph B. James, The Framing of the Fourteenth Amendment (1965) |
| Kelly, Fourteenth | Alfred H. Kelly, “The Fourteenth Amendment Reconsidered: The Segregation Question,” 54 Michigan Law Review 1049 (1956) |
| Kendrick | Benjamin Kendrick, The Journal of the Joint Committee of Fifteen on Reconstruction (1914) |
| Levy, Against the Law | Leonard W. Levy, Against the Law: The Nixon Court and Criminal Justice (1974) |
| Levy, Warren | Leonard W. Levy, ed., The Supreme Court Under Earl Warren (1972) |
| Lusky | Louis Lusky, By What Right? (1975) |
| Poore | Ben P. Poore, Federal and State Constitutions, Colonial Charters (1877) |
| TenBroek | Jacobus tenBroek, Equal Under Law (1965) |
| Van Alstyne | William W. Van Alstyne, “The Fourteenth Amendment, the ‘Right’ to Vote, and the Understanding of the Thirty-Ninth Congress,” 1965 Supreme Court Review 33 |
