Читать книгу Sustainable Futures - Raphael Kaplinsky - Страница 11

2.1 The expansion of Gross Domestic Product, 1961–2018: World, US and Europe (% per annum)

2.2 Share of investment in equipment and other physical assets (Gross Capital Formation) in GDP

2.3 Annual growth of labour productivity, 1951–2019

2.4 Balance of payments: largest debtor and surplus economies, 1998–2019 ($m)

2.5 Corporate tax rate: France, Germany, US, UK, Japan and Sweden, 1981–2019 (%)

3.1 Top 1% personal wealth share in emerging and rich countries, 1913–2015

3.2 Changes in global inequality, 1980–2016

3.3 Share of labour in total national income, high-income economies, 1960–2012

3.4a Life-expectancy and inequality, 22 OECD economies

3.4b Life-expectancy and inequality, 50 US States

3.5 Health and social problems and degree of inequality, inter-country differences

3.6 Index of status inequality and degree of inequality

3.7 Index of social participation and degree of inequality

3.8 Index of civic participation and degree of inequality

3.9 Belief in conspiracy theories, US and UK

3.10 Inflows of migrants, selected high-income economies, 2006–2016 (millions)

3.11 Immigrant share of population and far-right voting

4.1 The Holocene in historical perspective: not just warm temperatures but stable temperatures

4.2 The Great Acceleration

4.3 Take, Make, Use and Waste

4.4 Energy equivalent global output of different energy forms, 1800–2019 (terawatt hours)

4.5 The growth in global total resource supply, 1970–2010 (million tonnes)

4.6 Index of energy efficiency in the EU, 1990–2014 (1990 = 100)

4.7 Variation of CO₂ emissions from transport in the EU, 1990 and 2010 (million tonnes energy equivalent)

4.8 US advertising expenditure, 1990–2017 ($m)

4.9 Rising frequency of natural disasters, 1980–2007

5.1 Six phases of techno-economic paradigms

5.2 US corporate profitability as share of domestic income, 1951–1966 and 1966–1990 (post-tax profits as a share of domestic income, %)

5.3 US corporate profitability as share of domestic income, 1990–2007 (post-tax profits as a share of domestic income, %)

6.1 Six phases of techno-economic paradigms

7.1 Broadband connections per 100 inhabitants, 2005–2018

7.2 The global share of different energy sources, 1971–2014

7.3 Frequency and cost escalation of electricity infrastructure projects (based on analysis of 411 projects)

7.4 The Zambezi river basin

7.5 Global average annual net capacity additions by energy source

7.6 Wheat and barley crop yields in UK agriculture, 1948–2017 (tonnes/hectare)

7.7 Sources of productivity growth in UK agriculture, 1973–2017 (1973 = 100)

7.8 ‘Tom’ gathering data on soil and weeds

8.1 Levels of circularity: the 10 Rs

8.2 Total UK tax receipts, 2018–2019 (£bn)