Читать книгу The State of China Atlas - Robert Benewick - Страница 21

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Chinese outward migration over the centuries has created some strong overseas communities. The history of Chinese outward migration is complex, but the reasons why people migrated in the 18th and 19th centuries – as indentured laborers, traders, and for education or adventure – still hold true today. Long-term Chinese residency and trade are symbolized in the Chinatowns of major cities such as London, San Francisco, Paris, Havana, and in the ordinary “Chinese” suburbs in other, less famous, places. There are Chinese communities, not only in the heavily populated countries of Europe and South-East Asia, but also in tiny Pacific island nations such as Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, and the Solomon Islands. In most of these communities, people of different generations of migration have vastly uneven levels of “Chinese” identity, and varying access to and knowledge of Chinese languages, of which there are several in common use. In the US census, Chinese, Japanese, Filipinos and others are categorized as “Asian-American”. There are strongly felt arguments about what this means and whether or not the terminology is helpful. The present rise of the Chinese economy has attracted return migration, and also a flow of inward investment from overseas Chinese into mainland businesses.

see also page 106

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