Читать книгу Elementary Regression Modeling - Roger A. Wojtkiewicz - Страница 32

 units and groups: the basic unit for purposes of measurement is the unit of analysis; a group is a set of units of analysis defined by a common characteristic such as a value of a variable.

 measurement: the process of assigning a value of a variable to a unit of analysis.

 level of measurement: the values of a variable can be names that are nominal-level values, ordered names that are ordinal-level values, or meaningful numbers that are interval-level values.

 count: the number of units in a group with a particular value of a variable.

 sum: the additive total of the values of an interval variable in a group.

 mean: the sum of the values of a particular variable in a group divided by how many units of analysis are in the group N.

 proportion/percentage: the count of units with a particular value of a variable in a group divided by the number of units of analysis in the group N.

 odds: the count of units with a particular value of a variable in a group divided by the count of units with another particular value of a variable in the group.

 log odds: the natural logarithm of an odds.

 difference: the mean, proportion, or log odds for one group minus the mean, proportion, or log odds for a second group.