Читать книгу Dental Management of Sleep Disorders - Ronald Attanasio - Страница 79

This group of disorders is further broken down into four groups: non‐rapid eye movement (NREM)‐related parasomnias, REM‐related parasomnias, other parasomnias, and isolated symptoms and normal variants. The ones that are more commonly encountered by the dentist are listed here.

NREM‐related parasomnias:

 Sleepwalking (also known as somnambulism)

 Sleep terrors

These are associated with arousals from N3 sleep, usually in the first part of the night, and may be associated with a scream. It is considered a disorder of arousals, which is usually of short duration and if awakened the person may seem confused. Typically it is found more in children and usually resolves during puberty.

 Sleep‐related eating disorder

This can be associated with a partial arousal, typically from N2 or N3 sleep, so there may be limited recall. The disorder occurs during any period of sleep and the focus may be on high calorie foods. There can be an association with dreaming and potentially with the use of a sedative‐hypnotic medication. It is unusual to consume alcohol or any type of liquid. This occurs more in females. If the person is confronted or interfered with, they may become irritated or agitated.

 Confusional arousals

These typically occur while in bed and resolve once out of bed.