Читать книгу Handbook of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine - S. R. Prabhu - Страница 2
Table of Contents
Оглавление1 Cover
5 Foreword
6 Preface
9 Nomenclature Used in The Study of Human Disease
10 Standard Abbreviations for Prescribers
11 Part I: Pathology of Teeth and Supporting Structures 1 Disorders of Tooth Development and Eruption 1.1 Anodontia, Hypodontia and Oligodontia 1.2 Hyperdontia (Supernumerary Teeth) 1.3 Microdontia and Macrodontia 1.4 Gemination, Fusion and Concrescence 1.5 Taurodontism and Dilaceration 1.6 Amelogenesis Imperfecta 1.7 Dentinogenesis Imperfecta 1.8 Dentinal Dysplasia (Dentin Dysplasia) 1.9 Regional Odontodysplasia (Ghost Teeth) 1.10 Delayed Tooth Eruption 1.11 Tooth Impaction (Impacted Teeth) 1.12 Dens Invaginatus and Dens Evaginatus 1.13 Fluorosis (Mottled Enamel) 1.14 Tetracycline‐Induced Discoloration of Teeth: Key Features 1.15 Enamel Pearl: Key Features 1.16 Talon Cusp: Key Features 1.17 Hutchinson's Incisors and Mulberry Molars: Key Features 1.18 Tooth Ankylosis: Key Features 1.19 Supernumerary Roots: Key Features Recommended Reading 2 Dental caries 2.1 Definition/Description 2.2 Frequency 2.3 Aetiology/Risk Factors/Pathogenesis 2.4 Classification of Caries 2.5 Clinical Features 2.6 Differential Diagnosis 2.7 Diagnosis 2.8 Microsopic Features 2.9 Management 2.10 Prevention Recommended Reading 3 Diseases of the Pulp and Apical Periodontal Tissues 3.1 Classification of Diseases of the Pulp and Apical Periodontal Tissues 3.2 Pulpitis 3.3 Apical Periodontitis and Periapical Granuloma 3.4 Apical Abscess (Dentoalveolar Abscess) 3.5 Condensing Osteitis Recommended Reading 4 Tooth Wear, Pathological Resorption of Teeth, Hypercementosis and Cracked Tooth Syndrome 4.1 Tooth wear: Attrition, Abrasion, Erosion, and Abfraction 4.2 Pathological Resorption of Teeth 4.3 Hypercementosis 4.4 Cracked Tooth Syndrome Recommended Reading 5 Gingival and Periodontal Diseases 5.1 Classification of Gingival and Periodontal Diseases 5.2 Chronic Gingivitis 5.3 Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases 5.4 Plasma Cell Gingivitis 5.5 Foreign Body Gingivitis 5.6 Desquamative Gingivitis 5.7 Chronic Periodontitis 5.8 Aggressive Periodontitis 5.9 Fibrous Epulis (Peripheral Fibroma) 5.10 Peripheral Ossifying/Cementifying Fibroma 5.11 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Giant Cell Epulis) 5.12 Angiogranuloma (Pyogenic granuloma/pregnancy epulis) 5.13 Inflammatory Gingival Hyperplasia (Inflammatory Gingival Enlargement) 5.14 Generalized Gingival Hyperplasia in Pregnancy 5.15 Drug‐Induced Gingival Hyperplasia 5.16 Familial Gingival Hyperplasia 5.17 Gingival and Periodontal Abscesses 5.18 Pericoronitis/Pericoronal Abscess 5.19 Gingival Enlargement in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener's granulomatosis) 5.20 Gingival Enlargement in Leukaemia 5.21 Gingival Enlargement in Ascorbic Acid Deficiency Recommended Reading
12 Part II: Pathology of Jaw Bones 6 Infections and Necrosis of the Jaw 6.1 Acute Suppurative Osteomyelitis 6.2 Chronic Suppurative Osteomyelitis 6.3 Sclerosing Osteomyelitis 6.4 Proliferative Periostitis (Garre's Osteomyelitis) 6.5 Actinomycosis of the Jaw 6.6 Cervicofacial Cellulitis (Cervicofacial Fascial Space Infection) 6.7 Osteoradionecrosis of the Jaw 6.8 Medication‐Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Recommended Reading 7 Cysts of the Jaw 7.1 Radicular, Lateral Radicular, and Residual Radicular Cysts 7.2 Dentigerous Cyst 7.3 Eruption Cyst 7.4 Odontogenic Keratocyst (Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumour) 7.5 Lateral Periodontal Cyst 7.6 Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst 7.7 Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst: Key Features 7.8 Glandular Odontogenic Cyst: Key Features 7.9 Nasopalatine Duct Cyst (Incisive Canal Cyst) 7.10 Pseudocysts of the Jaw: Solitary Bone Cyst, Aneurysmal Bone Cyst and Stafne's bone Cyst 7.11 Nasolabial Cyst: Key Features Recommended Reading 8 Odontogenic Tumours 8.1 World Health Organization Classification of Odontogenic Tumours (2017) 8.2 Ameloblastoma 8.3 Unicystic Ameloblastoma 8.4 Squamous Odontogenic Tumour 8.5 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumour (Pindborg Tumour) 8.6 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumour 8.7 Ameloblastic Fibroma 8.8 Ameloblastic Fibrodentinoma and Ameloblastic Fibro‐Odontome 8.9 Odontome (Odontoma) 8.10 Dentinogenic Ghost Cell Tumour 8.11 Odontogenic Myxoma 8.12 Odontogenic Fibroma (Central Odontogenic Fibroma) 8.13 Cementoblastoma Recommended Reading 9 Non‐odontogenic Benign and Malignant Tumours of the Jaw 9.1 Osteoma 9.2 Multiple Osteomas in Gardner's Syndrome 9.3 Central Haemangioma (Intraosseous Haemangioma) 9.4 Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumour of Infancy 9.5 Osteosarcoma 9.6 Chondrosarcoma: Key Features 9.7 Ewing's Sarcoma 9.8 Myeloma (Multiple Myeloma) 9.9 Solitary Plasmacytoma 9.10 Burkitt's Lymphoma Recommended Reading 10 Fibro‐Osseous and Related Lesions of the Jaw 10.1 Ossifying Fibroma/Cemento‐Ossifying Fibroma 10.2 Cemento‐Osseous Dysplasias 10.3 Familial Gigantiform Cementoma: Key Features 10.4 Central Giant Cell Granuloma Recommended Reading 11 Genetic, Metabolic, and Other Non‐neoplastic Bone Diseases 11.1 Osteogenesis Imperfecta 11.2 Cleidocranial Dysplasia 11.3 Cherubism 11.4 Gigantism and Acromegaly 11.5 Brown Tumour of Hyperparathyroidism 11.6 Paget's Disease of Bone (Osteitis Deformans) 11.7 Fibrous Dysplasia and McCune–Albright Syndrome 11.8 Mandibular and Palatine Tori: Key Features 11.9 Focal Osteoporotic Bone Marrow Defect: Key Features Recommended Reading
13 Part III: Pathology of the Oral Mucosa 12 Developmental Anomalies and Anatomical Variants of Oral Soft Tissues 12.1 Fordyce Granules: Key Features 12.2 Double Lip: Key Features 12.3 Leukoedema: Key Features 12.4 Ankyloglossia: Key Features 12.5 Geographic Tongue: Key Features 12.6 Hairy Tongue: Key Features 12.7 Fissured Tongue: Key Features 12.8 Lingual Thyroid: Key Features 12.9 Microglossia and Macroglossia: Key Features 12.10 Bifid Tongue: Key Features 12.11 Bifid Uvula: Key Features 12.12 Cleft Lip: Key Features 12.13 Calibre Persistent Labial Artery: Key Features 12.14 Epstein's Pearl and Bohn's Nodules: Key Features 12.15 Dermoid and Epidermoid Cysts: Key Features 12.16 Oral Varicosities: Key Features 12.17 Lymphoid Aggregates: Key Features 12.18 Parotid Papilla: Key Features 12.19 Circumvallate Papillae: Key Features 12.20 Physiological Pigmentation: Key Features Recommended Reading 13 Bacterial Infections of the Oral Mucosa 13.1 Scarlet Fever: Key Features 13.2 Syphilis 13.3 Gonorrhoea: Key Features 13.4 Tuberculosis Recommended Reading 14 Fungal Infections of the Oral Mucosa 14.1 Candidosis (Candidiasis) 14.2 Histoplasmosis 14.3 Blastomycosis: Key Features Recommended Reading 15 Viral Infections of the Oral Mucosa 15.1 Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis (Primary Herpes) 15.2 Herpes Labialis 15.3 Varicella (Chickenpox) 15.4 Herpes Zoster (Shingles) 15.5 Infectious Mononucleosis (Glandular Fever) 15.6 Oral Hairy Leukoplakia: Key Features 15.7 Cytomegalovirus Infection: Key Features 15.8 Herpangina: Key Features 15.9 Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease 15.10 Squamous Papilloma 15.11 Condyloma Acuminatum: Key Features 15.12 Multifocal Epithelial Hyperplasia: Key Features 15.13 Verruca Vulgaris: Key Features 15.14 Measles: Key Features Recommended Reading 16 Non‐infective Inflammatory Disorders of the Oral Mucosa 16.1 Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis 16.2 Oral Lichen Planus 16.3 Oral Lichenoid Lesions 16.4 Pemphigus Vulgaris 16.5 Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid 16.6 Erythema Multiforme 16.7 Lupus Erythematosus: Key Features 16.8 Traumatic Ulcer: Key Features 16.9 Oral Lesions in Behcet's Disease/Syndrome 16.10 Oral Lesions in Crohn's Disease 16.11 Oral Lesions in Reactive Arthritis: Key Features 16.12 Uremic Stomatitis: Key Features 16.13 Chronic Ulcerative Stomatitis: Key Features 16.14 Radiation‐Induced Mucositis: Key Features 16.15 Medication‐Induced Oral Ulceration: Key Features 16.16 Stevens–Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Recommended Reading 17 Non‐neoplastic Mucosal Swellings 17.1 Irritation Fibroma (Traumatic Fibroma) 17.2 Denture‐Induced Granuloma (Epulis Fissuratum) 17.3 Fibrous Epulis (Peripheral Fibroma): Key Features 17.4 Pyogenic Granuloma: Key Features 17.5 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma: Key Features 17.6 Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma: Key Features 17.7 Traumatic Neuroma 17.8 Squamous Papilloma: Key Features 17.9 Congenital Epulis: Key Features Recommended Reading 18 Benign Neoplasms of the Oral Mucosa 18.1 Lipoma 18.2 Schwannoma (Neurilemmoma) 18.3 Granular Cell Tumour 18.4 Haemangioma 18.5 Lymphangioma 18.6 Leiomyoma (Vascular Leiomyomas): Key Features 18.7 Rhabdomyoma: Key Features Recommended Reading 19 Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders 19.1 Erythroplakia 19.2 Leukoplakia 19.3 Chronic Hyperplastic Candidosis (Candidal Leukoplakia) 19.4 Palatal Lesions in Reverse Smokers 19.5 Oral Lichen Planus: Key Features 19.6 Oral Submucous Fibrosis 19.7 Oral Lichenoid Lesion 19.8 Lupus Erythematosus 19.9 Actinic Keratosis of the Lip (Actinic Cheilitis) 19.10 Graft‐Versus‐Host Disease 19.11 Dyskeratosis Congenita 19.12 Sublingual Keratosis: Key Features 19.13 Syphilitic Leukoplakia: Key Features 19.14 Darier's Disease: Key Features Recommended Reading 20 Malignant Neoplasms of the Oral Mucosa 20.1 Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Verrucous Carcinoma 20.2 Melanoma (Malignant Melanoma) 20.3 Kaposi's Sarcoma 20.4 Fibrosarcoma: Key Features 20.5 Rhabdomyosarcoma: Key Features 20.6 Leiomyosarcoma: Key Features Recommended Readings
14 Part IV: Pathology of the Salivary Glands 21 Non‐neoplastic Salivary Gland Diseases 21.1 Salivary Calculi: Key Features 21.2 Mucoceles (Mucous Extravasation Cysts, Mucous Retention Cysts and Ranula) 21.3 Sjögren's Syndrome 21.4 Sialadenitis: Key Features 21.5 Necrotizing Sialometaplasia: Key Features Recommended Reading 22 Salivary Gland Neoplasms 22.1 World Health Organization Histological Classification of Salivary Gland Tumours (2017) 22.2 Pleomorphic Adenoma 22.3 Warthin's Tumour (Papillary Cystadenoma Lymphomatosum) 22.4 Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma 22.5 Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Recommended Reading
15 Part V: Clinical Presentation of Mucosal Disease 23 White Lesions of the Oral Mucosa 23.1 Actinic Cheilitis: Key Features 23.2 Chemical Burn: Key Features 23.3 Chronic Hyperplastic Candidosis: Key Features 23.4 Darier's Disease: Key Features 23.5 Dyskeratosis Congenita: Key Features 23.6 Fordyce Granules: Key Features 23.7 Frictional Keratosis: Key Features 23.8 Hereditary Benign Intraepithelial Dyskeratosis: Key Features 23.9 Leukoedema: Key Features 23.10 Leukoplakia: Key Features 23.11 Oral Hairy Leukoplakia: Key Features 23.12 Oral Lichen Planus: Key Features 23.13 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Key Features 23.14 Pseudomembranous Candidosis: Key Features 23.15 Smokeless Tobacco‐Induced Keratosis: Key Features 23.16 Smoker's Keratosis: Key Features 23.17 Sublingual Keratosis: Key Features 23.18 Syphilitic Leukoplakia: Key Features 23.19 Verrucous Carcinoma: Key Features 23.20 White Hairy Tongue: Key Features 23.21 White Sponge Nevus: Key Features Recommended Reading 24 Red and Purple Lesions of the Oral Mucosa 24.1 Contact Stomatitis: Key Features 24.2 Desquamative Gingivitis: Key Features 24.3 Erythema Migrans: Key Features 24.4 Erythema Multiforme: Key Features 24.5 Erythematous Candidosis: Key Features 24.6 Erythroplakia: Key Features 24.7 Haemangioma: Key Features 24.8 Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia: Key Features 24.9 Infectious Mononucleosis: Key Features 24.10 Kaposi's Sarcoma: Key Features 24.11 Linear Gingival Erythema: Key Features 24.12 Lupus Erythematosus: Key Features 24.13 Median Rhomboid Glossitis: Key Features 24.14 Mucosal Ecchymosis, Haematoma, and Petechiae: Key Features 24.15 Plasma Cell Gingivitis: Key Features 24.16 Port‐Wine Nevus: Key Features 24.17 Radiation Mucositis: Key Features 24.18 Thermal Burn: Key Features Recommended Reading 25 Blue, Black, and Brown Lesions of the Oral Mucosa 25.1 Addison's Disease: Key Features 25.2 Amalgam Tattoo: Key Features 25.3 Black/Brown Hairy Tongue: Key Features 25.4 Drug‐Induced Pigmentation: Key Features 25.5 Heavy Metal Pigmentation: Key Features 25.6 Laugier–Hunziker Syndrome: Key Features 25.7 Melanoma: Key Features 25.8 Melanotic Macule: Key Features 25.9 Peutz–Jeghers Syndrome: Key Features 25.10 Physiological Pigmentation: Key Features 25.11 Mucosal Nevi: Key Features 25.12 Smoker's Melanosis: Key Features Recommended Reading 26 Vesiculobullous Lesions of the Oral Mucosa 26.1 Angina Bullosa Haemorrhagica: Key Features 26.2 Bullous Lichen Planus: Key Features 26.3 Dermatitis Herpetiformis: Key Features 26.4 Erythema Multiforme: Key Features 26.5 Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease: Key Features 26.6 Herpes Zoster (Shingles): Key Features 26.7 Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: Key Features 26.8 Pemphigus Vulgaris: Key Features 26.9 Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis: Key Features 26.10 Herpes Labialis: Key Features Recommended Reading 27 Ulcerative Lesions of the Oral Mucosa 27.1 Oral Ulcers in Agranulocytosis: Key Features 27.2 Oral Ulcers in Behçet’s Disease: Key Features 27.3 Oral Ulcers in Coeliac Disease: Key Features 27.4 Chronic Ulcerative Stomatitis: Key Features 27.5 Oral Ulcers in Crohn's Disease: Key Features 27.6 Oral Ulcers in Cyclic Neutropenia: Key Features 27.7 Cytomegalovirus Ulcers: Key Features 27.8 Eosinophilic Ulcer: Key Features 27.9 Gangrenous Stomatitis: Key Features 27.10 Necrotizing Sialometaplasia: Key Features 27.11 Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis: Key Features 27.12 Oral Ulcers in Reactive Arthritis: Key Features 27.13 Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers: Key Features 27.14 Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presenting as an Ulcer: Key Features 27.15 Syphilitic Ulcers: Key Features 27.16 Traumatic Ulcer: Key Features 27.17 Tuberculous Ulcer: Key Features 27.18 Oral Ulcer in Ulcerative Colitis: Key Features Recommended Reading 28 Papillary Lesions of the Oral Mucosa 28.1 Condyloma Acuminatum: Key Features 28.2 Multifocal Epithelial Hyperplasia (Heck's Disease): Key Features 28.3 Oral Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia: Key Features 28.4 Squamous Papilloma: Key Features 28.5 Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Key Features 28.6 Verruca Vulgaris (Oral Warts): Key Features 28.7 Verrucous Carcinoma: Key Features Recommended Reading
16 Part VI: Orofacial Pain 29 Orofacial Pain 29.1 Odontogenic Orofacial Pain 29.2 Neuropathic Orofacial Pain 29.3 Other Conditions with Orofacial Pain Recommended Reading
17 Part VII: Miscellaneous Topics of Clinical Relevance 30 Oral Manifestations of Systemic Disorders 30.1 Gastrointestinal and Liver Disorders 30.2 Cardiovascular Disease 30.3 Respiratory Disease 30.4 Kidney Diseases 30.5 Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders 30.6 Nervous System Disorders 30.7 Haematological Disorders 30.8 Immune System Disorders Reference Recommended Reading 31 Systemic Diseases Associated with Periodontal Infections 31.1 Cardiovascular Disease 31.2 Coronary Heart Disease (Atherosclerosis and Myocardial Infarction) 31.3 Stroke 31.4 Infective Endocarditis 31.5 Bacterial Pneumonia 31.6 Low Birth Weight 31.7 Diabetes Mellitus Recommended Reading 32 Other Signs and Symptoms Related to the Oral Environment 32.1 Halitosis 32.2 Taste Disorders 32.3 Dry Mouth (Xerostomia) 32.4 Sialorrhea 32.5 Trismus 32.6 COVID‐19 Infection Recommended Reading 33 Outline of Diagnostic Steps and Procedures Employed in Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine 33.1 History 33.2 Clinical Examination 33.3 Clinical Differential Diagnosis 33.4 Diagnosis Recommended Reading
18 Index
