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Oxides are produced when metals or nonmetals react with oxygen.

Oxygen is located in the 6th group and has 6 valence electrons. It tends to gain 2 more electrons to become a complete octet and its valence is 2.

2Ca + O2 = 2CaO

In nature, metal oxides exist in clay. Clay is a mixture of the oxides

SiO2

Al2O3

K2O

Na2O

MgO

CaO

Fe2O3

TiO2