Читать книгу Evaluating Police Uses of Force - Seth W. Stoughton - Страница 37

 The nature of the immediate area, including the presence and reaction of bystanders, if any;

 Environmental factors that could affect officer or subject sensory perceptions, including lighting, background noise, and so on;

 Weapons potentially available to the subject and officers, including weapons of opportunity (e.g., a shovel laying on the ground) and weapons worn by the officers themselves;

 The availability of obstacles that affect the suspect’s or officer’s ability to move freely or close the distance;

 The availability of cover and concealment;

 Any environmental options that would enable or restrict the subject’s resistance or the officer’s use of force.