Читать книгу The Vertebrate Skeleton - Sidney H. Reynolds - Страница 6

C. MAMMALIA[18].

Class MAMMALIA.

 Subclass (I). Ornithodelphia or Prototheria.

 Order. Monotremata.

 Family Ornithorhynchidae. Ornithorhynchus—duck-bill.

 Family Echidnidae. Echidna—spiny ant-eater.

 Group Multituberculata. Tritylodon.

 Subclass (II). Didelphia or Metatheria.

 Order. Marsupialia.

 Suborder (1). Polyprotodontia.

 Family Amphitheriidae. Phascolotherium.

 Family Didelphyidae. Didelphys—opossum.

 Family Dasyuridae. Thylacinus—Tasmanian wolf.

 Sarcophilus—Tasmanian devil.

 Dasyurus.

 Family Peramelidae. Perameles—bandicoot.

 Choeropus.

 Family Notoryctidae. Notoryctes—marsupial mole.

 Suborder (2). Diprotodontia.

 Family Phascolomyidae. Phascolomys—wombat.

 Family Phalangeridae. Tarsipes.

 Phalanger—cuscus.

 Phascolarctus—koala.

 Thylacoleo.

 Family Diprotodontidae. Diprotodon.

 Family Nototheriidae. Nototherium.

 Family Macropodidae. Macropus—kangaroo.

 Family Epanorthidae. Coenolestes.

 Subclass (III). Monodelphia or Eutheria.

 Order 1. Edentata.

 Family Bradypodidae. Bradypus }

 }—sloths.

 Choloepus }

 Family Megatheriidae. Megatherium—ground sloth.

 Family Myrmecophagidae. Myrmecophaga—great ant-eater.

 Cycloturus—two-toed ant-eater.

 Family Dasypodidae. Chlamydophorus }

 Dasypus }—armadillos.

 Priodon }

 Tatusia }

 Family Glyptodontidae. Glyptodon.

 Family Manidae. Manis—pangolin.

 Family Orycteropodidae. Orycteropus—aard vark.

 Order 2. Sirenia.

 Family Manatidae. Manatus—manatee.

 Family Rhytinidae. Rhytina—Steller's sea-cow.

 Family Halicoridae. Halicore—dugong.

 Family Halitheriidae. Halitherium.

 Order 3. Cetacea.

 Suborder (1). Archaeoceti.

 Family Zeuglodontidae. Zeuglodon.

 Suborder (2). Mystacoceti or Balaenoidea.

 Family Balaenidae. Balaena—right whale.

 Megaptera—humpbacked whale.

 Balaenoptera—rorqual.

 Suborder (3). Odontoceti.

 Family Physeteridae. Physeter—sperm whale.

 Hyperoödon—bottlenose.

 Ziphius.

 Mesoplodon.

 Family Physodontidae. Physodon.

 Family Squalodontidae. Squalodon.

 Family Platanistidae. Platanista—Gangetic dolphin.

 Inia.

 Pontoporia.

 Family Delphinidae. Monodon—narwhal.

 Phocaena—porpoise.

 Orca—killer.

 Globicephalus—Ca'ing whale.

 Grampus.

 Lagenorhynchus.

 Delphinus—dolphin.

 Tursiops.

 Prodelphinus.

 Order 4. Ungulata.

 Division A. Ungulata vera.

 Suborder (1). Artiodactyla.

 Section (a). Suina.

 Family Hippopotamidae. Hippopotamus.

 Family Suidae. Sus—pig.

 Babirussa.

 Phacochaerus—wart hog.

 Hyotherium.

 Family Cotylopidae. Cotylops (Oreodon).

 Cyclopidius.

 Family Agriochoeridae. Agriochoerus.

 Family Anoplotheriidae. Anoplotherium.

 Section (b). Tylopoda.

 Family Camelidae. Camelus—camel.

 Auchenia—llama.

 Section (c). Tragulina.

 Family Tragulidae. Dorcatherium (Hyomoschus)—chevrotain.

Section (d). Ruminantia or Pecora.

 Family Cervidae. Moschus—musk deer.

 Cervus—deer.

 Cervulus—muntjac.

 Hydropotes—Chinese water deer.

 Family Giraffidae. Giraffa—giraffe.

 Sivatherium.

 Family Antilocapridae. Antilocapra—prongbuck.

 Family Bovidae. Tetraceros—four-horned antelope.

 Gazella—gazelle.

 Bos—ox.

 Bison.

 Bubalus—buffalo.

 Suborder (2). Perissodactyla.

 Family Tapiridae. Tapirus—tapir.

 Family Lophiodontidae. Lophiodon.

 Hyracotherium.

 Family Palaeotheriidae. Palaeotherium.

 Family Equidae. Hipparion.

 Equus—horse.

 Family Rhinocerotidae. Rhinoceros.

 Elasmotherium.

 Family Titanotheriidae. Titanotherium (Brontops).

 Palaeosyops.

 Family Chalicotheriidae. Chalicotherium.

 Family Macraucheniidae. Macrauchenia.

 Division B. Subungulata.

 Suborder (1). Toxodontia.

 Family Astrapotheriidae. Astrapotherium.

 Family Nesodontidae. Nesodon.

 Family Toxodontidae. Toxodon.

 Family Typotheriidae. Typotherium.

 Suborder (2). Condylarthra.

 Family Phenacodontidae. Phenacodus.

 Suborder (3). Hyracoidea.

 Family Hyracidae. Procavia (Hyrax).

 Suborder (4). Amblypoda.

 Family Coryphodontidae. Coryphodon.

 Family Uintatheriidae. Uintatherium (Dinoceras).

 Suborder (5). Proboscidea.

 Family Dinotheriidae. Dinotherium.

 Family Elephantidae. Mastodon.

 Elephas—elephant.

 Group Tillodontia.

 Order 5. Rodentia.

 Suborder (1). Simplicidentata.

 Section Sciuromorpha.

 Family Castoridae. Castor—beaver.

 Section Myomorpha.

 Family Lophiomyidae. Lophiomys.

 Family Muridae. Hydromys.

 Acanthomys—spiny mouse.

 Mus—mouse.

 Family Spalacidae. Bathyergus.

 Family Dipodidae. Dipus—jerboa.

 Pedetes—Cape jumping-hare.

 Section Hystricomorpha.

 Family Hystricidae. Hystrix—porcupine.

 Family Chinchillidae. Chinchilla.

 Lagostomus—viscacha.

 Family Dasyproctidae. Coelogenys—paca.

 Dasyprocta—agouti.

 Family Caviidae. Cavia—guinea-pig.

 Hydrochaerus—capybara.

 Suborder (2). Duplicidentata.

 Family Leporidae. Lepus—hare and rabbit.

 Order 6. Carnivora.

 Suborder (1). Creodonta.

 Family Hyaenodontidae. Hyaenodon.

 Suborder (2). Carnivora vera or Fissipedia.

 Section Æluroidea.

 Family Felidae. Felis—cat, lion, tiger.

 Machaerodus—sabre-toothed lion.

 Family Viverridae. Viverra—civet.

 Paradoxurus—palm civet.

 Family Protelidae. Proteles—aard wolf.

 Family Hyaenidae. Hyaena.

 Section Cynoidea.

 Family Canidae. Canis—dog, wolf, fox.

 Section Arctoidea.

 Family Ursidae. Ursus—bear.

 Family Mustelidae. Latax—sea otter.

 Suborder (3). Pinnipedia.

 Family Otariidae. Otaria—sea lion.

 Family Trichechidae. Trichechus—walrus.

 Family Phocidae. Ogmorhinus—sea leopard.

 Order 7. Insectivora.

 Suborder (1). Dermoptera.

 Family Galeopithecidae. Galeopithecus—'flying lemur'.

 Suborder (2). Insectivora vera.

 Family Macroscelidae. Macroscelides—jumping shrew.

 Family Erinaceidae. Erinaceus—hedgehog.

 Gymnura.

 Family Soricidae. Sorex—shrew.

 Family Talpidae. Talpa—mole.

 Family Potamogalidae. Potamogale.

 Family Solenodontidae. Solenodon.

 Family Centetidae. Microgale.

 Centetes—tenrec.

 Family Chrysochloridae. Chrysochloris—golden mole.

 Order 8. Chiroptera.

 Suborder (1). Megachiroptera.

 Family Pteropidae. Pteropus—flying fox.

 Suborder (2). Microchiroptera.

 Family Rhinolophidae. Horseshoe bats.

 Family Phyllostomatidae. Desmodus—vampire.

 Order 9. Primates.

 Suborder (1). Lemuroidea.

 Family Tarsiidae. Tarsius—tarsier.

 Family Chiromyidae. Chiromys—aye aye.

 Suborder (2). Anthropoidea.

 Family Hapalidae. Hapale—marmoset.

 Family Cebidae. Mycetes—howling monkey.

 Ateles—spider monkey.

 Family Cercopithecidae. Cynocephalus—baboon.

 Macacus.

 Colobus.

 Family Simiidae. Hylobates—gibbon.

 Simia—orang.

 Gorilla.

 Anthropopithecus—chimpanzee.

 Family Hominidae. Homo—man.