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Medical Terminology

Medical Terminology often uses words created using prefixes and suffixes in Latin and Ancient Greek. In medicine, their meanings, and their etymology, are informed by the language of origin. Prefixes and suffixes, primarily in Greek—but also in Latin, have a dropable -o-. Medical roots generally go together according to language: Greek prefixes go with Greek suffixes and Latin Prefixes with Latin Suffixes.

COMMON MEDICAL ROOT WORDS

The root of a word is its main part and core meaning. These common medical root words give you a general idea of what you’re dealing with or specify a body part.

Abdomin/o: Abdomen

Aden/o: Gland

Anter/o: Front

Arteri/o: Artery

Audi/o: Hearing

Bio: Life

Brachi/o: Arm

Bronch/i, bronch/o: Bronchus

Carcin/o: Cancer

Cardi/o: Heart

Col/o: Colon

Cyt/o: Cell

Derm/a, derm/o, dermat/o: Skin

Dors/i, dors/o: Back or posterior

Encephal/o: Brain

Gastr/o: Stomach

Gynec/o: Female

Hemat/o: Bl ood

Hist/o, histi/o: Tissue

Intestin/o: Intestine

Lapar/o: Abdomen, loin or flank

Lymph/o: Lymph vessels

My/o: Muscle

Neur/o: Nerve

Ocul/o: Eye

Ophthalm/o: Eyes

Optic/o, opt/o: Seeing, sight

Or/o: Mouth

Ot/o: Ear

Path/o: Disease

Pharmac/o: Drug

Pulmon/o: Lungs

Sept/o: Infection

Thorac/o: Chest/thorax

Thyr/o: Thyroid gland

Trachel/o: Neck or necklike

Trich/o: Hair or hairlike

Ventr/i, ventr/o: Front of body

Viscer/o: Viscera (internal organs)

GENERAL WORDS

Part

-ac

andr-, andro-

auto-

bio-

chem-, chemo-

cyt-, cyto-

-blast-, -blasto, -blastic

-cyte, -cytic

fibr-, fibro-

gluco-, glycol-

gyn-, gyno-, gynec-