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Sample space

There are six possibilities in the sample space and only one of these corresponds to getting a 6, so the probability of getting a 6 when you roll a die is ⅙.

We say that the probability of an event A occuring is

P(A) = Number of elements in A

Total number of elements in the sample space

Example

If a fair coin is tossed, it is clear from our definition of probability above that

P (obtaining a head) = ½.

Example